Rudd Center for Food Policy and Health, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Hartford, CT, United States.
Collaboratory on School and Child Health, Neag School of Education, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.
Front Public Health. 2023 Mar 30;11:1143474. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1143474. eCollection 2023.
Schools influence children's developmental outcomes across multiple domains, including academic, social, emotional, behavioral, and physical. School district wellness policies are powerful mechanisms that set clear expectations for health-related practices in school buildings and the surrounding community. A current challenge is that many health-related school policies are narrow, siloed, and reactive instead of proactive. In this paper, we: (a) describe how written food, nutrition, and physical activity district and state policies were strengthened in the United States in response to specific concerns about childhood obesity; (b) present how schools have historically addressed policies concerning children's social, emotional, and behavioral health; and (c) propose using the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model to strengthen the coordination and integration of school wellness policies. We conclude by describing recently developed tools to assist school districts in implementing the WSCC model. The Wellness School Assessment Tool (WellSAT) WSCC is a quantitative measure that districts can use to code their current written policies for alignment with the WSCC model. The WSCC Policy and Practice Blueprints are action planning tools that lead school and district leaders through a series of activities to strengthen the implementation of coordinated and integrated policies and practices. By using the WSCC model and accompanying implementation tools, schools can support the development of the whole child.
学校在多个领域影响着儿童的发展结果，包括学业、社交、情感、行为和身体健康。学区健康政策是一种强大的机制，它为学校建筑和周边社区的健康相关实践设定了明确的期望。目前面临的一个挑战是，许多与健康相关的学校政策范围狭窄、孤立无援且反应迟钝，而非积极主动。在本文中，我们：(a) 描述了美国如何针对儿童肥胖问题的具体担忧，加强了有关食品、营养和体育活动的学区和州政策；(b) 介绍了学校在历史上如何解决有关儿童社会、情感和行为健康的政策；(c) 提出了使用“全员参与、全方位支持、全过程关注”（WSCC）模式来加强学校健康政策的协调和整合。最后，我们描述了最近开发的工具，以协助学区实施 WSCC 模式。健康学校评估工具（WellSAT）WSCC 是一种量化工具，可用于衡量学区目前与 WSCC 模式一致的书面政策。WSCC 政策和实践蓝图是行动规划工具，可引导学校和地区领导开展一系列活动，以加强协调和综合政策和实践的实施。通过使用 WSCC 模式和配套的实施工具，学校可以支持儿童的全面发展。
