Yürüker Özel, Yetkin Osman, Güvenir Meryem
Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Güzelyurt, TRNC.
Near East University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Lefkoşa, TRNC.
Mikrobiyol Bul. 2023 Apr;57(2):330-333. doi: 10.5578/mb.20239927.
The formation rate, magnitude, and duration of the antibody-mediated humoral immune response that develops against different viral proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are considered important in vaccine success. It is known that the response to vaccinations decreases due to immunosenescence in older adults. This study was aimed to investigate the levels of serum IgA response at 1st and 3rd month after vaccination of people over 60 years old who were immunized with CoronaVac and Pfizer-BioNTech. A total of 35 people living in the North Cyprus who have not previously had COVID-19 infection were included in the study. After the 2nd dose of vaccination, serum IgA levels were measured after the 1st and 3rd month with the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA (Euroimmun, Lubeck, Germany) kit. The statistical significance was determined as 0.05 in the whole study. SPSS and GraphPad Prism software were used for calculations, analyses and graphs. The possible effect of demographic variables on serum IgA level was compared between the vaccine groups and it was found that there was no statistically significant difference between them. For the IgA titer-positive individuals who had been vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, for both 1st and 3rd months were observed to be higher than CoronaVac vaccinated IgA titer-positive individuals. In individuals who received the CoronaVac vaccine, there was a statistically significant change in serum IgA levels between 1st and 3rd months, but there was no statistically significant change in the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine administered group. When the Pfizer/BioNTech and CoronaVac vaccines were compared with each other in terms of serum IgA antibody titers, it was found that the mean serum IgA levels of the individuals in the Pfizer/BioNTech group were statistically higher at the 1st and 3rd months than the CoronaVac group. Serum IgA titers in both vaccine groups were statistically significantly decreased from 1st month to 3rd month. This study showed that the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine induced higher SARS-CoV-2 specific serum IgA antibodies than the CoronaVac vaccine and remained seropositive for a longer time in individuals aged 60 years and older. It is believed that the serum IgA levels that were determined may not reflect the serum IgA levels. However, these findings support the studies in other literature, showing that the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine induces higher SARS-CoV-2 specific serum IgA antibodies than the inactive CoronaVac vaccine and that it remains seropositive for a longer period of time. This study is important as it is the first study to compare the SARS-CoV-2 IgA antibody responses of individuals over 60 years of age in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus in two different vaccine groups.
针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）不同病毒蛋白产生的抗体介导的体液免疫反应的形成速率、强度和持续时间被认为是疫苗成功的重要因素。众所周知，由于老年人免疫衰老，对疫苗接种的反应会降低。本研究旨在调查接种科兴疫苗和辉瑞-BioNTech疫苗的60岁以上人群在接种后第1个月和第3个月时血清IgA反应水平。共有35名居住在北塞浦路斯且此前未感染过新冠病毒的人被纳入研究。在接种第二剂疫苗后，使用抗SARS-CoV-2 IgA（德国吕贝克欧蒙公司）试剂盒在第1个月和第3个月后测量血清IgA水平。在整个研究中，统计学显著性设定为0.05。使用SPSS和GraphPad Prism软件进行计算、分析和绘制图表。比较了疫苗组之间人口统计学变量对血清IgA水平的可能影响，发现它们之间没有统计学显著差异。对于接种辉瑞-BioNTech疫苗的IgA滴度阳性个体，第1个月和第3个月的水平均高于接种科兴疫苗的IgA滴度阳性个体。在接种科兴疫苗的个体中，第1个月和第3个月之间血清IgA水平有统计学显著变化，但在接种辉瑞-BioNTech疫苗的组中没有统计学显著变化。当比较辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗和科兴疫苗的血清IgA抗体滴度时，发现辉瑞/BioNTech组个体在第1个月和第3个月的平均血清IgA水平在统计学上高于科兴组。两个疫苗组的血清IgA滴度从第1个月到第3个月均有统计学显著下降。本研究表明，辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗比科兴疫苗诱导产生更高的SARS-CoV-2特异性血清IgA抗体，并且在60岁及以上个体中血清阳性持续时间更长。据信所测定的血清IgA水平可能无法反映血清IgA的真实水平。然而，这些发现支持了其他文献中的研究，表明辉瑞-BioNTech mRNA疫苗比灭活的科兴疫苗诱导产生更高的SARS-CoV-2特异性血清IgA抗体，并且血清阳性持续时间更长。本研究很重要，因为它是第一项比较北塞浦路斯土耳其共和国两个不同疫苗组中60岁以上个体SARS-CoV-2 IgA抗体反应的研究。
