Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
Phys Rev Lett. 2023 Mar 31;130(13):133604. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.133604.
Recently, solid-state mechanical resonators have become a platform for demonstrating nonclassical behavior of systems involving a truly macroscopic number of particles. Here, we perform the most macroscopic quantum test in a mechanical resonator to date, which probes the validity of quantum mechanics by ruling out a classical description at the microgram mass scale. This is done by a direct measurement of the Wigner function of a high-overtone bulk acoustic wave resonator mode, monitoring the gradual decay of negativities over tens of microseconds. While the obtained macroscopicity of μ=11.3 is on par with state-of-the-art atom interferometers, future improvements of mode geometry and coherence times could test the quantum superposition principle at unprecedented scales and also place more stringent bounds on spontaneous collapse models.
最近，固态机械谐振器已成为展示涉及大量粒子的系统的非经典行为的平台。在这里，我们进行了迄今为止在机械谐振器中最宏观的量子测试，通过在微克质量尺度上排除经典描述来检验量子力学的有效性。这是通过对高次体声波谐振器模式的威格纳函数的直接测量来实现的，监测数十微秒内负性的逐渐衰减。虽然获得的μ=11.3 的宏观性与最先进的原子干涉仪相当，但未来改进模式几何形状和相干时间可以在前所未有的尺度上检验量子叠加原理，并对自发坍塌模型施加更严格的限制。
