Faculty of Psychology, Chair for Addiction Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Faculty of Psychology, Chair for General Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Psychophysiology. 2023 Jun;60(6):e14310. doi: 10.1111/psyp.14310. Epub 2023 Apr 18.
Heightened impulsivity and compulsivity are often found in association with both dysfunctional everyday behavior and with psychopathology. Impulsivity and compulsivity are also linked to alterations in behavioral response inhibition and its electrophysiological correlates. However, they are rarely examined jointly and their effect outside of clinical samples is still disputed. This study assesses the influence and interaction of impulsivity and compulsivity as measured by questionnaires (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale, and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised) on behavioral performance and event-related potentials (N2, P3a, and P3b) in a visual Go/Nogo task. Data from 250 participants from the general population (49% female; age M = 25.16, SD = 5.07) were collected. We used robust linear regression as well as regression tree analyses, a type of machine learning algorithm, to uncover potential non-linear effects. We did not find any significant relationship between the self-report measures and behavioral or neural inhibition effects in either type of analysis, with the exception of a linear effect of the lack of premeditation subscale of the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale on behavioral performance. The current sample size was large enough to uncover even small effects. One possibility is that inhibitory performance was unimpaired in a non-clinical sample, suggesting that the effect of these personality traits on inhibition and cognitive control may require a clinical sample or a more difficult task version. Further studies are needed to uncover possible associations and interactions to delineate when impulsivity and compulsivity lead to dysfunctional everyday behavior and psychopathology.
冲动性和强迫性通常与功能失调的日常行为和精神病理学有关。冲动性和强迫性也与行为反应抑制及其电生理相关性的改变有关。然而，它们很少被联合检查，它们在临床样本之外的影响仍有争议。本研究评估了通过问卷（Barratt 冲动量表、UPPS 冲动行为量表和强迫症清单修订版）测量的冲动性和强迫性的影响和相互作用，对视觉 Go/Nogo 任务中的行为表现和事件相关电位（N2、P3a 和 P3b）的影响。数据来自一般人群的 250 名参与者（49%为女性；年龄 M=25.16，SD=5.07）。我们使用了稳健的线性回归和回归树分析，这是一种机器学习算法，以揭示潜在的非线性效应。我们在这两种类型的分析中都没有发现自我报告测量与行为或神经抑制效应之间有任何显著关系，除了 UPPS 冲动行为量表的缺乏预谋子量表与行为表现之间存在线性关系。当前的样本量足够大，可以发现即使是很小的效应。一种可能性是，非临床样本中的抑制性能没有受损，这表明这些人格特质对抑制和认知控制的影响可能需要临床样本或更困难的任务版本。需要进一步的研究来揭示可能的关联和相互作用，以确定冲动性和强迫性何时导致功能失调的日常行为和精神病理学。
