Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, Campus Universitário, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, São Francisco, Caixa Postal 567, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2023 Aug;127:104298. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104298. Epub 2023 Apr 16.
Brucellosis in equines, including horses, donkeys, and mules, is characterized by abscesses in tendons, bursae, and joints. Reproductive disorders, which are common in other animals, are rare in both males and females. Joint breeding of horses, cattle, and pigs was found as the main risk factor for equine brucellosis, with the transmission from equines to cattle or among equines possible, although unlikely. Hence, evaluation of the disease in equines can be considered an indirect indicator of the effectiveness of brucellosis control measures employed for other domestic species. Generally, the disease in equines reflects disease status in the sympatric domestic species, mainly cattle. It is important to note that in equines, the disease has no validated diagnostic test, which limits the interpretation of available data. Finally, it is important to mention that equines also represent significant Brucella spp. infection sources for humans. Considering the zoonotic aspect of brucellosis, the significant losses due to infection, and the representativeness of horses, mules, and donkeys in the society, as well as the continuous efforts to control and eradicate the disease in livestock, in this review, we covered the various aspects of brucellosis in equines and compile the sparse and diffuse information on the subject.
马（包括马、驴和骡）的布氏杆菌病的特征是肌腱、滑囊和关节脓肿。生殖障碍在其他动物中很常见，但在公母马中很少见。马、牛和猪的关节配种被认为是马布氏杆菌病的主要危险因素，牛可能从马或马之间感染，但不太可能。因此，对马的疾病评估可被视为对其他家畜所采用的布氏杆菌病控制措施有效性的间接指标。一般来说，马中的疾病反映了同域家养物种（主要是牛）的疾病状况。重要的是要注意，在马中，该疾病没有经过验证的诊断测试，这限制了对现有数据的解释。最后，值得一提的是，马也是布鲁氏菌属感染人类的重要来源。考虑到布氏杆菌病的人畜共患性、感染造成的重大损失，以及马、驴和骡在社会中的代表性，以及为控制和根除家畜中的疾病所做的持续努力，在本综述中，我们涵盖了马布氏杆菌病的各个方面，并汇编了关于该主题的零散和分散的信息。
