Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Apr 18;13(1):6335. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21030-9.
Rice quality is one of the main targets of rice breeding and is a complex trait that involves grain appearance, milling, cooking, eating and nutritional quality. For many years, rice breeding has contended with imbalances in rice yield, quality, and disease and lodging resistance. Here, the milling and appearance quality, cooking quality, starch rapid viscosity analyzer (RVA) profile, and nutritional quality of grains of Yuenongsimiao (YNSM), an indica rice variety with high yield, high quality and disease resistance, were determined. YNSM had excellent appearance and quality, with low amylose contents and high gel consistency, and these characteristics exhibited significant correlations with the RVA profile such as hot paste viscosity, cool paste viscosity, setback viscosity, and consistency. Moreover, 5 genes related to length-to-width ratio (LWR) as well as the Wx gene were used to detect the main quality genotype of YNSM. The results showed that YNSM is a semilong-grain rice with a relatively high brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head rice yield and low chalkiness. The results indicated that the LWR and food quality of YNSM might be related to gs3, gw7 and Wx. This study also reports the quality characteristics of hybrid rice developed using YNSM as a restorer line. The quality characteristics and the genotype for grain quality determined through gene analysis in YNSM may facilitate the breeding of new rice varieties that achieve a balance of grain yield, resistance and quality.
稻米品质是水稻育种的主要目标之一，是一个涉及粒形、碾磨、蒸煮、食用和营养品质的复杂性状。多年来，水稻育种一直面临着水稻产量、品质和抗病倒伏之间的不平衡。本研究对高产、优质、抗病的籼稻品种远优 4818（YNSM）的碾磨和外观品质、蒸煮品质、淀粉快速黏度分析仪（RVA）谱和谷物营养品质进行了测定。YNSM 具有优良的外观和品质，直链淀粉含量低，胶稠度高，这些特性与 RVA 谱中的热浆黏度、冷浆黏度、回生黏度和胶稠度等特征显著相关。此外，还利用与长宽比（LWR）相关的 5 个基因和 Wx 基因检测了 YNSM 的主要品质基因型。结果表明，YNSM 是一种半长粒稻，糙米率、整精米率和垩白度较高，碾米率和垩白粒率较低。研究结果表明，YNSM 的 LWR 和食味品质可能与 gs3、gw7 和 Wx 有关。本研究还报道了以 YNSM 为恢复系育成的杂交稻的品质特性。YNSM 的品质特性和通过基因分析确定的粒质基因型可能有助于培育出产量、抗性和品质平衡的新水稻品种。
