拔毛癖和皮肤搔抓障碍中的气质。
Temperament in trichotillomania and skin picking disorder.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Southampton University, Southampton, UK.
出版信息
Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2023 May;35(2):87-92. doi: 10.12788/acp.0096.
BACKGROUND
Trichotillomania (TTM) and skin picking disorder (SPD) result in significant psychosocial burden. Despite this burden, however, risk factors related to the development of these disorders remain unclear. The present study assessed temperament in a well-characterized sample of adults with TTM or SPD.
METHODS
A total of 202 adults age 18 to 65 were enrolled; 44 had TTM, 30 had SPD, and 128 served as controls. Participants completed the self-report Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) to examine the severity of TTM and SPD symptoms, quality of life, and temperament. Group differences were characterized and correlations with other measures were examined.
RESULTS
Compared to controls, those with TTM or SPD scored significantly higher on harm avoidance and its subscales, with TTM associated with higher scores than SPD. Those with TTM or SPD scored significantly higher on only 1 measure of novelty seeking (extravagance). Higher TPQ harm avoidance correlated with worse hair pulling severity and worse quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS
The temperament traits of participants with TTM or SPD differed in significant ways from controls; those with TTM or SPD generally demonstrated similar trait profiles. A dimensional approach to the personalities of those with TTM or SPD may offer insight and provide clues to treatment strategies.
背景
拔毛癖（TTM）和皮肤搔抓障碍（SPD）会导致严重的社会心理负担。然而，尽管存在这种负担，这些障碍发展的相关风险因素仍不清楚。本研究评估了一组特征明确的 TTM 或 SPD 成人患者的气质。
方法
共招募了 202 名年龄在 18 至 65 岁的成年人；44 人患有 TTM，30 人患有 SPD，128 人作为对照组。参与者完成了自我报告的三维人格问卷（TPQ），以检查 TTM 和 SPD 症状的严重程度、生活质量和气质。描述了组间差异，并检查了与其他测量方法的相关性。
结果
与对照组相比，患有 TTM 或 SPD 的患者在回避和回避的子量表上的得分明显更高，而 TTM 的得分高于 SPD。只有在寻求新奇的 1 项措施上，TTM 或 SPD 的得分显著更高（奢侈）。TPQ 回避得分越高，拔毛严重程度越差，生活质量越差。
结论
与对照组相比，患有 TTM 或 SPD 的患者的气质特征存在显著差异；患有 TTM 或 SPD 的患者通常表现出相似的特质。对 TTM 或 SPD 患者的人格进行维度分析可能会提供深入的了解，并为治疗策略提供线索。
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