Yigit Enes, Kalaycik Ertugay Cigdem, Mahmutoglu Abdullah Soydan, Kaygisiz Ismail, Yigit Ozgur
Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Clinic of Radiology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2023 May;168:111553. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111553. Epub 2023 Apr 15.
To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based olfactory bulb (OB) volumes in cochlear implant (CI) candidates with sensorineural hearing loss as compared to age-matched control subjects with normal hearing.
A total of 31 pediatric CI candidates (mean ± SD age: 7.0 ± 2.5 years, 51.6% were boys) with sensorineural hearing loss and 35 age-matched control subjects (mean ± SD age: 7.1 ± 2.5 years, 54.3% were boys) with normal hearing were included in this study. Data on demographic characteristics (age, gender) and right and left OB volume (mm) on MRI using planimetric contouring method were recorded in patients and control groups.
Median (min-max) values for right OB volume (80(50-120) vs. 90(50-160) mm, p = 0.006) and left OB volume (70(50-120) vs. 90(50-170) mm, p = 0.007) were significantly lower in CI candidates vs. controls, regardless of the gender and age. No significant difference was noted between right and left OB volume in CI candidate and control groups. Hearing loss subgroups of CI candidates including hereditary familial (n = 8), hereditary non-familial (n = 14) and mixed syndromic (9) subgroups were also similar in terms of patient demographics and OB volumes. There was a tendency for having lower left OB volume (60(50-120) vs. 80(60-110) mm) in girls vs. boys in the CI candidate group, along with a tendency for lower left and right OB volume in candidates vs. controls, particularly at age 11 (median 120 vs. 80 mm and 120 vs. 60 mm, respectively). No significant correlation of age was noted with right and left OB volume overall and in the study groups.
In conclusion, our findings revealed lower left and right OB volumes in CI candidates compared to control subjects, regardless of age and gender, indicating the presence of baseline olfactory dysfunction in patients with hearing loss planned to undergo CI. Accordingly, MRI-based measurement of OB volume in the pre-surgical workup of CI candidates may serve as a marker of cognitive function enabling auditory information processing that may also correlate with post-operative CI outcomes.
评估感音神经性听力损失的人工耳蜗（CI）植入候选者与年龄匹配的听力正常对照者基于磁共振成像（MRI）的嗅球（OB）体积。
本研究纳入了31名有感音神经性听力损失的儿科CI植入候选者（平均±标准差年龄：7.0±2.5岁，51.6%为男孩）和35名年龄匹配的听力正常对照者（平均±标准差年龄：7.1±2.5岁，54.3%为男孩）。记录患者组和对照组的人口统计学特征（年龄、性别）以及使用平面轮廓法在MRI上测得的左右OB体积（mm）。
无论性别和年龄，CI植入候选者的右侧OB体积中位数（最小值 - 最大值）（80（50 - 120）vs. 90（50 - 160）mm，p = 0.006）和左侧OB体积中位数（70（50 - 120）vs. 90（50 - 170）mm，p = 0.007）均显著低于对照组。CI植入候选者组和对照组的左右OB体积之间未发现显著差异。CI植入候选者的听力损失亚组，包括遗传性家族性（n = 8）、遗传性非家族性（n = 14）和混合综合征性（9）亚组，在患者人口统计学和OB体积方面也相似。CI植入候选者组中女孩的左侧OB体积有低于男孩的趋势（60（50 - 120）vs. 80（60 - 110）mm），并且候选者的左右OB体积有低于对照组的趋势，特别是在11岁时（中位数分别为120 vs. 80 mm和120 vs. 60 mm）。总体而言，在研究组中未发现年龄与左右OB体积有显著相关性。
总之，我们的研究结果显示，无论年龄和性别，CI植入候选者的左右OB体积均低于对照者，这表明计划接受CI的听力损失患者存在基线嗅觉功能障碍。因此，在CI植入候选者的术前检查中基于MRI测量OB体积可作为认知功能的一个标志物，这种认知功能有助于听觉信息处理，也可能与CI术后结果相关。
