State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jul 10;881:163535. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163535. Epub 2023 Apr 17.
Protected areas are essential for the conservation of biodiversity, natural and cultural resources, and contribute to regional and global sustainable development. However, since authorities and stakeholders concern more on the conservation targets of protected areas, how to better evaluate the protected areas' contributions to sustainable development goals (SDGs) remains generally understudied. To fill this knowledge gap, we chose the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) as the study area, mapped the SDGs in 2010, 2015 and 2020, detecting the interactive relationships among SDGs. Then we used the landscape pattern indices and ecosystem service (ES) proxies to describe the characteristics of national nature reserves (NNRs), and explore the contributions of protected areas to SDGs using panel data models. The results showed that from 2010 to 2020, most cities of QTP improved their SDG scores to >60. The three cities with the best SDG performance improved their average scores by nearly 20 %. Among the 69 pairs correlations of SDG indicators, 13 synergies and 6 trade-offs were observed. About 65 % of the SDG indicators were significantly correlated with landscape pattern or ESs of NNRs. Carbon sequestration had a significant positive effect on 30 % of the SDG indicators, while habitat quality had a negative effect on 18 % of the SDG indicators. For the landscape pattern indices, the largest patch index had a significant positive effect on 18 % of the SDG indicators. This study highlighted that the ESs and landscape pattern could well quantify the contribution of protected areas to SDGs, which can provide essential implications for protected area management and regional sustainable development.
保护区对于保护生物多样性、自然和文化资源以及促进区域和全球可持续发展至关重要。然而，由于当局和利益相关者更关注保护区的保护目标，如何更好地评估保护区对可持续发展目标（SDGs）的贡献仍然普遍研究不足。为了填补这一知识空白，我们选择青藏高原（QTP）作为研究区域，绘制了 2010 年、2015 年和 2020 年的 SDGs 图，检测了 SDGs 之间的相互关系。然后，我们使用景观格局指数和生态系统服务（ES）代理来描述国家自然保护区（NNRs）的特征，并使用面板数据模型探索保护区对 SDGs 的贡献。结果表明，从 2010 年到 2020 年，青藏高原的大多数城市提高了他们的 SDG 得分>60。表现最好的三个城市的平均得分提高了近 20%。在 69 对 SDG 指标的相关性中，观察到 13 个协同作用和 6 个权衡。大约 65%的 SDG 指标与 NNRs 的景观格局或 ESs 显著相关。碳固存对 30%的 SDG 指标有显著的正向影响，而栖息地质量对 18%的 SDG 指标有负向影响。对于景观格局指数，最大斑块指数对 18%的 SDG 指标有显著的正向影响。本研究强调，ESs 和景观格局可以很好地量化保护区对 SDGs 的贡献，这为保护区管理和区域可持续发展提供了重要启示。
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