Department of Nutrition, School of Health and nutrition, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024;64(24):8553-8569. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2200840. Epub 2023 Apr 19.
Findings on the association of dietary intake and tissue biomarkers of linoleic acid (LA) with the risk of prostate cancer are conflicting. Also, no meta-analysis summarized available findings in this regard. Therefore, the current systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis were done to summarize the findings of prospective cohort studies that assessed dietary intake and tissue biomarkers of LA in relation to prostate cancer risk in adults. We conducted a systematic search using online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science, to identify eligible articles published up to January 2023. We included prospective cohort studies that examined the associations of dietary intake and tissue biomarkers of LA with the risk of prostate cancer (total, advanced, and fatal prostate cancer). Summary relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the highest versus lowest intakes/tissue levels of LA using a fixed-effects model. Also, linear and non-linear dose-response analyses were conducted. In total, 15 prospective cohort studies were included. These studies recruited a total sample size of 511,622 participants with an age range of ≥18 years. During the follow-up periods ranging from 5 to 21 years, 39,993 cases of prostate cancer, 5,929 cases of advanced prostate cancer, and 1,661 cases of fatal prostate cancer were detected. In the meta-analysis, we found that higher tissue levels of LA were associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.96) so that in the dose-response analysis, each 5% increase in levels of LA was associated with a 14% lower risk of prostate cancer. Such a significant association was not seen for advanced prostate cancer (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.65-1.13). Also, we found no significant association between dietary intake of LA and risk of total (RR:1.00, 95% CI: 0.97-1.04), advanced (RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.90-1.07), and fatal prostate cancer (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.83-1.13). Our findings support the protective association between tissue levels of LA and the risk of prostate cancer in men.
关于膳食摄入和组织生物标志物亚油酸（LA）与前列腺癌风险之间关联的研究结果存在争议。此外，目前还没有荟萃分析总结这方面的现有发现。因此，进行了这项系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析，以总结评估成人中膳食摄入和组织生物标志物 LA 与前列腺癌风险之间关系的前瞻性队列研究的发现。我们使用在线数据库（包括 PubMed、Scopus 和 ISI Web of Science）进行了系统搜索，以确定截至 2023 年 1 月发表的合格文章。我们纳入了前瞻性队列研究，这些研究检查了膳食摄入和组织生物标志物 LA 与前列腺癌（总前列腺癌、晚期前列腺癌和致命性前列腺癌）风险之间的关联。使用固定效应模型计算 LA 最高与最低摄入量/组织水平之间的汇总相对风险 (RR) 和 95%置信区间 (CI)。还进行了线性和非线性剂量反应分析。总共纳入了 15 项前瞻性队列研究。这些研究共招募了 511622 名年龄在 18 岁及以上的参与者，随访时间从 5 年到 21 年不等。在随访期间，共发现 39993 例前列腺癌病例、5929 例晚期前列腺癌病例和 1661 例致命性前列腺癌病例。在荟萃分析中，我们发现组织中 LA 水平较高与前列腺癌风险降低相关（RR：0.86，95%CI：0.77-0.96），因此在剂量反应分析中，LA 水平每增加 5%，前列腺癌风险降低 14%。对于晚期前列腺癌，未发现这种显著关联（RR：0.86，95%CI：0.65-1.13）。此外，我们发现 LA 的膳食摄入量与总前列腺癌（RR：1.00，95%CI：0.97-1.04）、晚期前列腺癌（RR：0.98，95%CI：0.90-1.07）和致命性前列腺癌（RR：0.97，95%CI：0.83-1.13）的风险之间没有显著关联。我们的研究结果支持组织中 LA 水平与男性前列腺癌风险之间存在保护关联。
