Eshaghian Niloofar, Heidarzadeh-Esfahani Neda, Akbari Hakimeh, Askari Gholamreza, Sadeghi Omid
Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Front Nutr. 2023 Aug 1;10:1221029. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1221029. eCollection 2023.
Since the release of the last meta-analysis on the association between fish intake and prostate cancer risk, several cohort studies have been published. Moreover, none of the previous meta-analyzes examined the dose-response association between fish intake and prostate cancer. Therefore, the current dose-response meta-analysis was conducted to summarize available findings on the associations of fish intake with the risk of prostate cancer in men. Online databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched up to September 2022. We included prospective cohort studies that examined the associations of fish intake with the risk of prostate cancer (total, localized, and advanced prostate cancer), its mortality, and cancer progression. Summary relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the highest versus lowest categories of fish intake using random-effects models. Also, linear and non-linear dose-response analyzes were conducted. In total, 25 prospective cohort studies, recruiting 1,216,474 men, were included in the systematic review, and 22 studies were included in the meta-analysis. During the follow-up periods, ranging from 6 to 33 years, a total of 44,722 cases of prostate cancer were recorded. The comparison between the highest and lowest intakes of total fish revealed the summary RRs of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.86-1.10) for total, 1.01 (95% CI: 0.91-1.13) for advanced, and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.72-1.12) for localized prostate cancer, indicating no significant association. Moreover, the summary RR was 0.55 (95% CI: 0.33-0.92) for prostate cancer mortality and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.65-1.10) for prostate cancer progression, indicating an inverse association between fish intake and prostate cancer mortality. Also, in the dose-response analyzes, each 20 gram/day increase in total fish intake was associated with a 12% lower risk of prostate cancer mortality. Our findings support the protective association between total fish intake and the risk of prostate cancer mortality.
自上次关于鱼类摄入量与前列腺癌风险关联的荟萃分析发布以来，已有多项队列研究发表。此外，之前的荟萃分析均未考察鱼类摄入量与前列腺癌之间的剂量反应关系。因此，开展了本次剂量反应荟萃分析，以总结鱼类摄入量与男性前列腺癌风险关联的现有研究结果。截至2022年9月，对PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science在线数据库进行了系统检索。我们纳入了考察鱼类摄入量与前列腺癌（总体、局限性和晚期前列腺癌）风险、其死亡率及癌症进展之间关联的前瞻性队列研究。使用随机效应模型计算鱼类摄入量最高组与最低组的汇总相对风险（RR）和95%置信区间（CI）。此外，还进行了线性和非线性剂量反应分析。在系统评价中总共纳入了25项前瞻性队列研究，招募了1,216,474名男性，荟萃分析纳入了22项研究。在6至33年的随访期内，共记录了44,722例前列腺癌病例。总鱼类摄入量最高组与最低组的比较显示，总体前列腺癌的汇总RR为0.97（95%CI：0.86 - 1.10），晚期前列腺癌为1.01（95%CI：0.91 - 1.13），局限性前列腺癌为0.90（95%CI：0.72 - 1.12），表明无显著关联。此外，前列腺癌死亡率的汇总RR为0.55（95%CI：0.33 - 0.92），前列腺癌进展的汇总RR为0.84（95%CI：0.65 - 1.10），表明鱼类摄入量与前列腺癌死亡率之间存在负相关。此外，在剂量反应分析中，总鱼类摄入量每增加20克/天，前列腺癌死亡率风险降低12%。我们的研究结果支持总鱼类摄入量与前列腺癌死亡率风险之间的保护关联。
