Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, TN 38068, Italy.
Neuroimage. 2023 Jul 1;274:120100. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120100. Epub 2023 Apr 18.
Person-knowledge encompasses the diverse types of knowledge we have about other people. This knowledge spans the social, physical, episodic, semantic & nominal information we possess about others and is served by a distributed cortical network including core (perceptual) and extended (non-perceptual) subsystems. Our understanding of this cortical system is tightly linked to the perception of faces and the extent to which cortical knowledge-access processes are independent of perception is unclear. In this study, participants were presented with the written names of famous people and performed ten different semantic access tasks drawn from five cognitive domains (biographic, episodic, nominal, social and physical). We used representational similarity analysis, adapted to investigate network-level representations (NetRSA) to characterise the inter-regional functional coordination within the non-perceptual extended subsystem across access to varied forms of person-knowledge. Results indicate a hierarchical cognitive taxonomy consistent with that seen during face-processing and forming the same three macro-domains: socio-perceptual judgements, episodic-semantic memory and nominal knowledge. The coordination across regions was largely preserved within elements of the extended system associated with internalised cognition but differed in prefrontal regions. Results suggest the elements of the extended system work together in a consistent way to access knowledge when viewing faces and names but that coordination patterns also change as a function of input-processing demands.
人物知识包括我们对他人拥有的各种类型的知识。这种知识涵盖了我们对他人拥有的社会、物理、情景、语义和名称信息，由包括核心（感知）和扩展（非感知）子系统的分布式皮质网络提供服务。我们对这个皮质系统的理解与面孔的感知紧密相连，而皮质知识获取过程在多大程度上独立于感知尚不清楚。在这项研究中，参与者被呈现了名人的书面名字，并执行了来自五个认知领域（传记、情景、名称、社会和物理）的十个不同的语义访问任务。我们使用了代表性相似性分析，适用于调查网络水平的表示（NetRSA），以描述在不同形式的人物知识访问过程中，非感知扩展子系统内的区域间功能协调。结果表明，认知分类法具有层次性，与面孔处理过程中观察到的分类法一致，并形成了相同的三个宏观领域：社会感知判断、情景语义记忆和名称知识。在与内化认知相关的扩展系统的元素内，区域之间的协调基本保持不变，但在前额区域有所不同。结果表明，在查看面孔和名字时，扩展系统的元素以一致的方式协同工作以获取知识，但协调模式也会随着输入处理需求的变化而变化。
