Laboratório de Biologia Teórica e de Sistemas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Laboratório de Genética Evolutiva Paulo Leminski, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; Network of Researchers on the Chemical Evolution of Life (NoRCEL), Leeds, LS7 3RB, UK.
Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2023 Jul-Aug;180-181:28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.005. Epub 2023 Apr 18.
Trying to provide a broad overview about the origin of life in Earth, the most significant transitions of life before cells are listed and discussed. The current approach emphasizes the symbiotic relationships that emerged with life. We propose a rational, stepwise scenario for the origin of life that starts with the origin of the first biomolecules and steps forward until the origins of the first cells. Along this path, we aim to provide a brief, though comprehensive theoretical model that will consider the following steps: (i) how nucleotides and other biomolecules could be made prebiotically in specific prebiotic refuges; (ii) how the first molecules of RNAs were formed; (iii) how the proto-peptidyl transferase center was built by the concatenation of proto-tRNAs; (iv) how the ribosome and the genetic code could be structured; (v) how progenotes could live and reproduce as "naked" ribonucleoprotein molecules; (vi) how peptides started to bind molecules in the prebiotic soup allowing biochemical pathways to evolve from those bindings; (vii) how genomes got bigger by the symbiotic relationship of progenotes and lateral transference of genetic material; (viii) how the progenote LUCA has been formed by assembling most biochemical routes; (ix) how the first virion capsids probably emerged and evolved; (x) how phospholipid membranes emerged probably twice by the evolution of lipid-binding proteins; (xi) how DNA synthesis have been formed in parallel in Bacteria and Archaea; and, finally, (xii) how DNA-based cells of Bacteria and Archaea have been constituted. The picture provided is conjectural and present epistemological gaps. Future research will help to advance into the elucidation of gaps and confirmation/refutation of current statements.
试图提供地球生命起源的广泛概述，列出并讨论了细胞出现之前生命的最重要转变。当前的方法强调了与生命一起出现的共生关系。我们提出了一个理性的、逐步的生命起源场景，从第一个生物分子的起源开始，直到第一个细胞的起源。沿着这条道路，我们旨在提供一个简短但全面的理论模型，该模型将考虑以下步骤：（i）核苷酸和其他生物分子如何在特定的前生物避难所中前生物地产生；（ii）第一个 RNA 分子是如何形成的；（iii）如何通过串联原 tRNA 构建原肽酰转移酶中心；（iv）核糖体和遗传密码是如何构建的；（v）原核生物如何作为“裸露”的核糖核蛋白分子生存和繁殖；（vi）如何使肽开始结合前生物汤中的分子，从而使生化途径从这些结合中进化；（vii）如何通过原核生物和遗传物质横向转移的共生关系使基因组变得更大；（viii）如何通过组装大多数生化途径形成原核生物 LUCA；（ix）第一批病毒衣壳可能是如何出现和进化的；（x）磷脂膜可能是如何通过脂质结合蛋白的进化而两次出现的；（xi）DNA 合成如何在细菌和古菌中平行形成；最后，（xii）细菌和古菌的 DNA 基细胞是如何构成的。提供的图片是推测性的，目前存在认识论上的差距。未来的研究将有助于深入阐明这些差距，并确认/反驳当前的说法。
