Rudolf Virchow Zentrum; Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
Technische Universität Berlin; Institute of Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
Cell Death Dis. 2023 Apr 21;14(4):281. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-05787-z.
Ferroptosis is a form of cell death characterized by phospholipid peroxidation, where numerous studies have suggested that the induction of ferroptosis is a therapeutic strategy to target therapy refractory cancer entities. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), an NAD(P)H-ubiquinone reductase, is a key determinant of ferroptosis vulnerability, and its pharmacological inhibition was shown to strongly sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis. A first generation of FSP1 inhibitors, exemplified by the small molecule iFSP1, has been reported; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying inhibition have not been characterized in detail. In this study, we explore the species-specific inhibition of iFSP1 on the human isoform to gain insights into its mechanism of action. Using a combination of cellular, biochemical, and computational methods, we establish a critical contribution of a species-specific aromatic architecture that is essential for target engagement. The results described here provide valuable insights for the rational development of second-generation FSP1 inhibitors combined with a tracer for screening the druggable pocket. In addition, we pose a cautionary notice for using iFSP1 in animal models, specifically murine models.
铁死亡是一种以磷脂过氧化为特征的细胞死亡形式,大量研究表明,诱导铁死亡是针对治疗抵抗性癌症实体的一种治疗策略。铁死亡抑制蛋白 1(FSP1),一种 NAD(P)H-醌还原酶,是铁死亡易感性的关键决定因素,其药理学抑制作用已被证明能使癌细胞对铁死亡高度敏感。已经报道了第一代 FSP1 抑制剂,例如小分子 iFSP1;然而,其抑制的分子机制尚未详细表征。在这项研究中,我们探索了 iFSP1 对人同工酶的特异性抑制,以深入了解其作用机制。我们使用细胞、生化和计算方法的组合,确定了物种特异性芳香架构的关键贡献,这对于靶标结合至关重要。这里描述的结果为合理开发与示踪剂结合的第二代 FSP1 抑制剂提供了有价值的见解,用于筛选可药物化口袋。此外,我们对在动物模型(特别是小鼠模型)中使用 iFSP1 提出了警告。