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美国康涅狄格州纽黑文县 2015-2020 年复发性艰难梭菌感染的趋势和危险因素。

Trends in and Risk Factors for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection, New Haven County, Connecticut, USA, 2015-2020.

出版信息

Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 May;29(5):877-87. doi: 10.3201/eid2905.221294.

DOI:10.3201/eid2905.221294
PMID:37081745
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10124664/
Abstract

Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (RCDI) causes an increased burden on the healthcare system. We calculated RCDI incidence and identified factors associated with RCDI cases in New Haven County, Connecticut, USA, during 2015-2020 by using data from population-based laboratory surveillance. A subset of C. difficile cases had complete chart reviews conducted for RCDI and potentially associated variables. RCDI was defined as a positive C. difficile specimen occurring 2-8 weeks after incident C. difficile infection. We compared cases with and without RCDI by using multiple regression. RCDI occurred in 12.0% of 4,301 chart-reviewed C. difficile cases, showing a U-shaped time trend with a sharp increase in 2020, mostly because of an increase in hospital-onset cases. Malignancy (odds ratio 1.51 [95% CI 1.11-2.07]) and antecedent nitrofurantoin use (odds ratio 2.37 [95% CI 1.23-4.58]) were medical risk factors for RCDI. The 2020 increase may reflect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

摘要

复发性艰难梭菌感染（RCDI）会给医疗保健系统带来更大的负担。我们使用基于人群的实验室监测数据，计算了美国康涅狄格州纽黑文县 2015 年至 2020 年期间 RCDI 的发病率，并确定了与 RCDI 病例相关的因素。对一部分艰难梭菌病例进行了完整的图表审查，以确定 RCDI 和潜在相关变量。RCDI 的定义是在发生艰难梭菌感染后 2-8 周出现阳性艰难梭菌标本。我们使用多元回归比较了有和没有 RCDI 的病例。在 4301 例经图表审查的艰难梭菌病例中，有 12.0%发生了 RCDI，呈 U 型时间趋势，2020 年急剧上升，主要是因为医院获得性病例增加。恶性肿瘤（比值比 1.51 [95% CI 1.11-2.07]）和先前使用硝基呋喃妥因（比值比 2.37 [95% CI 1.23-4.58]）是 RCDI 的医疗风险因素。2020 年的增长可能反映了 COVID-19 大流行的影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ad27/10124664/9de3b5a8db93/22-1294-F2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ad27/10124664/8884d47388b3/22-1294-F1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ad27/10124664/9de3b5a8db93/22-1294-F2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ad27/10124664/8884d47388b3/22-1294-F1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ad27/10124664/9de3b5a8db93/22-1294-F2.jpg

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本文引用的文献

[1]
The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on healthcare-associated infections in 2020: A summary of data reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022-1

[2]
Temporal and regional trends of antibiotic use in long-term aged care facilities across 39 countries, 1985-2019: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

PLoS One. 2021

[3]
Epidemiology of community-acquired and recurrent infection.

Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2021-5-22

[4]
Epidemiology and Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Geriatric Patients: A Narrative Review.

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021-5-17

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Associations of facility-level antibiotic use and hospital-onset infection in US acute-care hospitals, 2012-2018.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022-8

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Factors associated with COVID-19 related hospitalisation, critical care admission and mortality using linked primary and secondary care data.

Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2021-9

[7]
Trends in Prescribing of Antibiotics and Drugs Investigated for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment in US Nursing Home Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Clin Infect Dis. 2022-1-7

[8]
Antimicrobial resistance and COVID-19: Intersections and implications.

Elife. 2021-2-16

[9]
External validation of two prediction tools for patients at risk for recurrent infection.

Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2021-1-9

[10]
Demographic risk factors for COVID-19 infection, severity, ICU admission and death: a meta-analysis of 59 studies.

BMJ Open. 2021-1-11

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