Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Hear Res. 2023 Jun;433:108766. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108766. Epub 2023 Apr 6.
A rich history of comparative research in the auditory field has afforded a synthetic view of sound information processing by ears and brains. Some organisms have proven to be powerful models for human hearing due to fundamental similarities (e.g., well-matched hearing ranges), while others feature intriguing differences (e.g., atympanic ears) that invite further study. Work across diverse "non-traditional" organisms, from small mammals to avians to amphibians and beyond, continues to propel auditory science forward, netting a variety of biomedical and technological advances along the way. In this brief review, limited primarily to tetrapod vertebrates, we discuss the continued importance of comparative studies in hearing research from the periphery to central nervous system with a focus on outstanding questions such as mechanisms for sound capture, peripheral and central processing of directional/spatial information, and non-canonical auditory processing, including efferent and hormonal effects.
在听觉领域，丰富的比较研究历史为耳朵和大脑的声音信息处理提供了综合观点。由于存在基本相似性（例如，听力范围匹配良好），一些生物体已被证明是人类听力的有力模型，而其他生物体则具有有趣的差异（例如，无鼓膜的耳朵），这进一步邀请了研究。从小型哺乳动物到鸟类到两栖动物等各种“非传统”生物体的研究工作不断推动听觉科学向前发展，在此过程中获得了各种生物医学和技术进步。在这篇简短的综述中，主要限于四足脊椎动物，我们讨论了从外围到中枢神经系统的听觉研究中比较研究的持续重要性，重点关注突出问题，例如声音捕捉的机制、方向/空间信息的外围和中枢处理，以及非经典听觉处理，包括传出和激素效应。
