Guizhou University/Engineering Technology Research Centre for Rosa roxburghii of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang 550025, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2023 Mar;34(3):699-707. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202303.013.
Walnut and are important arbor and shrub fruit trees cultivated in the southwest mountainous area of China. Furthermore, those two species are compound cultivated in this area. In this study, we investigated the growth, yield, fruit quality, photosynthesis, and soil fertility of in a 7-year typical 'Qianhe 7'/ 'Guinong 5' compound planting pattern in Guizhou. The results showed that compared with the monoculture, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic rate of leaves were significantly lower in the compound plantation. The growth and yield of decreased significantly, with a 77.7% reduction of yield. Fruit quality of was improved. The content of ascorbic acid (Vc), total phenol, carbohydrate, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and other substances increased significantly. Fruit Vc and Mn content increased by 34.1% and 64.1%, respectively. The contents of total N, available N and K in the soil increased by 45.8%, 34.8% and 67.8%, respectively. The abundance of soil microorganisms and functional bacteria increased significantly, with the increase of bacteria and fungi being more than 36.0%. The increase of potassium bacteria and nitrogen fixing bacteria was 71.3% and 124.8%, respectively. However, the contents of organic matter, carbon-nitrogen ratio, total P, total K, available mineral nutrient (P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) contents decreased. While the activities of soil urease and catalase were increased, the activities of other soil enzymes (sucrase, cellulase, protease, phosphatase) were significantly reduced. In summary, with continuous growth of walnuts in the walnut/ compound plantation, there was obvious shade and soil fertility competition for , which affected its yield, but had a improvement effect on fruit quality.
核桃和板栗是中国西南山区重要的乔木和灌木果树，这两个树种在该地区通常是混交种植的。在本研究中，我们调查了 7 年生典型的‘黔核 7’/'贵农 5'混交种植模式下，贵州核桃/板栗混交林对板栗生长、产量、果实品质、光合作用和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明，与单一种植相比，混交林板栗叶片的光合色素含量和光合速率显著降低。板栗的生长和产量明显下降，产量降低了 77.7%。板栗果实品质得到改善。维生素 C（Vc）、总酚、碳水化合物、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn 等物质的含量显著增加。果实 Vc 和 Mn 含量分别增加了 34.1%和 64.1%。土壤中总 N、有效 N 和 K 的含量分别增加了 45.8%、34.8%和 67.8%。土壤微生物和功能细菌的丰度显著增加，其中细菌和真菌的增加超过 36.0%。钾细菌和固氮菌的增加分别为 71.3%和 124.8%。然而，土壤有机质、碳氮比、总 P、总 K、有效矿质养分（P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn）含量降低。土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性增加，而其他土壤酶（蔗糖酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶）活性显著降低。总之，随着核桃在核桃/混交林中的持续生长，对板栗产生了明显的遮荫和土壤肥力竞争，影响了其产量，但对果实品质有改善作用。
