State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Safety in Forestry, Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
J Food Sci. 2024 Oct;89(10):6539-6552. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.17328. Epub 2024 Sep 1.
Fermented walnut meal (FW) has antifungal activity against Penicillium victoriae, a fungus responsible for Rosa roxbughii Tratt spoilage. This study characterized and applied ultrasonic-assisted antifungal film loaded with FW to preserve R. roxbughii Tratt during near-freezing temperature (NFT). Results showed that O and CO transmission rates decreased by 80.02% and 29.05%, respectively, and antimicrobial properties were improved with ultrasound at 560 W for 5 min and 1% FW. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results revealed ultrasound improved hydrogen bonds and inductive effect via ─NH, ─OH, and C═O bonds. The addition of FW led to the formation of CMCS-GL-FW polymer via C═O bond. Thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscope results demonstrated thermal degradation process was decomposed by ultrasound, and the internal structure of P. victoriae was accelerated by the addition of FW. Compared to the U-CMCS/GL group, the vitamin C content, peroxidase, and catalase activities of U-CMCS/GL/FW were enhanced by 4.24%, 8.52%, and 14.3% during NFT (-0.8 to -0.4°C), respectively. Particularly, the fungal count of the U-CMCS/GL/FW group did not exceed 10 CFU g at the end of storage, and the relative abundance of P. victoriae decreased to 0.007%. Our findings provide an effective route for agricultural waste as natural antifungal compounds in the active packaging industry. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this study, the barrier and antimicrobial properties of film were successfully improved by ultrasonic treatment and loaded fermented walnut meal. The ultrasonic-assisted antifungal film loaded with fermented walnut meal effectively delayed the degradation of nutrients and reduced microbial invasion of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. These results provide a theoretical basis for the application of agricultural waste in the food packaging industry.
发酵核桃粉（FW）对导致 Rosa roxbughii Tratt 腐烂的青霉有抗真菌活性。本研究对超声辅助负载 FW 的抗真菌膜进行了表征，并将其应用于近冰点温度（NFT）下保存 Rosa roxbughii Tratt。结果表明，O 和 CO 的透过率分别降低了 80.02%和 29.05%，并且在 560 W 超声处理 5 分钟和 1% FW 的条件下，抗菌性能得到了提高。傅里叶变换红外光谱和 X 射线衍射结果表明，超声通过 ─NH、─OH 和 C═O 键提高了氢键和诱导效应。FW 的加入通过 C═O 键形成了 CMCS-GL-FW 聚合物。热重分析和透射电子显微镜结果表明，超声促进了热降解过程，FW 的加入加速了青霉的内部结构。与 U-CMCS/GL 组相比，在 NFT（-0.8 至-0.4°C）期间，U-CMCS/GL/FW 组的维生素 C 含量、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性分别提高了 4.24%、8.52%和 14.3%。特别是，在储存结束时，U-CMCS/GL/FW 组的真菌计数未超过 10 CFU g，青霉的相对丰度降低到 0.007%。本研究为农业废弃物作为天然抗真菌化合物在活性包装行业中的应用提供了有效途径。实际应用：在这项研究中，通过超声处理和负载发酵核桃粉成功提高了薄膜的阻隔和抗菌性能。负载发酵核桃粉的超声辅助抗真菌膜有效地延缓了 Rosa roxburghii Tratt 营养物质的降解，并减少了微生物的入侵。这些结果为农业废弃物在食品包装工业中的应用提供了理论依据。
