Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Laboratory for Motion Analysis, Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Gait Posture. 2023 Jun;103:44-49. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.04.011. Epub 2023 Apr 14.
The ankle joint is one of the most involved joints in uphill walking. Furthermore, it is well known that toe walking increases the external dorsiflexion moment in the first half of stance during level walking. However, the effects of different foot-strike patterns on plantar flexor muscle forces, ankle joint forces, and other lower limb joint and muscle forces are unknown.
Do foot-strike patterns during 18° uphill walking affect lower limb sagittal joint angles and moments, as well as joint contact and muscle forces?
This study was based on a data subset from previous publications, analysing uphill walking on an 18° ramp at a preset speed of 1.1 m/s in 18 male participants (34 limbs analyzed, 27 ± 5 years). Participants were divided into two groups based on their foot-strike pattern at initial contact: heel (HC) and forefoot (FC). Lower limb sagittal joint angles and moments as well as joint contact and muscle forces were assessed. Differences between the groups were assessed using two-sample t-tests.
FC showed increased soleus and gastrocnemius muscle forces as well as ankle joint forces during loading response and mid stance compared to HC. The soleus muscle force impulse was 51.1% higher in the FC group than in the HC group (p < 0.001). On the other hand, FC had a lower absolute centre of mass vertical displacement and reduced knee and hip joint, as well as iliopsoas and hamstring muscle force impulses.
In terms of plantar flexor and ankle joint loading, it is advantageous to exhibit a heel strike pattern. The current results can be used to recommend foot-strike patterns for uphill walking, particularly in the presence or prevention of musculoskeletal issues.
踝关节是参与行走运动最广泛的关节之一。此外，众所周知，在水平地面行走时，足趾离地会增加支撑相早期的踝关节背屈力矩。然而，不同的足着地方式对跖屈肌肌力、踝关节力以及其他下肢关节和肌肉力的影响尚不清楚。
18°上坡行走时的足着地方式是否会影响下肢矢状面关节角度和力矩以及关节接触和肌肉力？
本研究基于先前发表的研究数据子集，分析了 18 名男性参与者（34 条肢体，27±5 岁）以预设速度 1.1 m/s 在 18°斜坡上的上坡行走。参与者根据初始触地时的足着地方式（足跟触地[HC]和前足触地[FC]）分为两组。评估下肢矢状面关节角度和力矩以及关节接触和肌肉力。使用两样本 t 检验评估组间差异。
与 HC 相比，FC 在负荷反应期和支撑中期的比目鱼肌和腓肠肌肌力以及踝关节力更大。FC 组比目鱼肌肌力冲量比 HC 组高 51.1%（p<0.001）。另一方面，FC 具有更低的质心垂直位移绝对值，降低了膝关节和髋关节以及髂腰肌和腘绳肌肌力冲量。
就跖屈肌和踝关节的受力而言，足跟触地是有益的。本研究结果可用于推荐上坡行走时的足着地方式，特别是在存在或预防肌肉骨骼问题时。
