切碎的稻草和咖啡壳会影响垫料的化学成分以及肉鸡的生产性能和脚垫状况。
Chopped straw and coffee husks affect bedding chemical composition and the performance and foot pad condition of broiler chickens.
机构信息
Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, PBS Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka 28, 85-084, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2023 Apr 23;13(1):6600. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-33859-9.
Bedding material is a crucial environmental factor for chickens. Coffee husks are waste from the industry that could be reused. The study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of various bedding types and assess their impact on the performance characteristics of broiler chickens and the incidence of footpad dermatitis (FPD). Ross 308 broilers were used in the study. Birds were divided into 3 groups (216 chickens, 72 per group). Group 1 was kept on chopped straw (S). Group 2 was kept on coffee husks (CHs), and the 3rd group (PB) was kept on pellet bedding made from S and CHs in a 1:1 ratio. The dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) content, and the pH of the bedding were analyzed. Production results were examined during 42 days of rearing. FPD was assessed on a point scale. The tissue composition of the carcasses and qualitative physicochemical characteristics of the meat (pH, color, water holding capacity, drip loss) and bone-breaking strength were analyzed. Straw had a higher CF content. In total, the highest N content in CHs was noticed. P content was lower in the S, and K was the highest in the CHs group, followed by S and PB. The pH of the bedding was lower in the CHs group, higher in PB, and highest in S bedding. The DM was decreasing within the days of rearing. A significant interaction was demonstrated between the type of bedding and rearing days on the bedding (manure) composition. On days 1-14, FCR deteriorated in the PB group compared to the S group. The presence of FPD was significantly lower in the PB group than in the others. In the PB group, chickens had a higher slaughter yield than in the S group and a lower weight and liver share than in the CHs group. The weight and proportion of abdominal fat were higher in the group kept on S than on CHs. It can be concluded that coffee husks as a component of pellets had a beneficial effect on reducing FPD in chickens and their slaughter yield and enriched bedding with nutrients, which with poultry manure, could be a good fertilizer for agricultural soils after rearing. It could be recommended to use pelleted bedding.
垫料是鸡的一个重要环境因素。咖啡壳是一种工业废料，可以再利用。本研究旨在分析各种垫料类型的化学成分，并评估其对肉鸡生产性能和脚垫皮炎（FPD）发病率的影响。研究采用罗斯 308 肉鸡。将鸡分为 3 组（每组 216 只，72 只）。第 1 组使用切碎的稻草（S）。第 2 组使用咖啡壳（CHs），第 3 组（PB）使用 S 和 CHs 以 1:1 的比例制成的颗粒垫料。分析了垫料的干物质（DM）、粗饲料（CF）、氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）含量和 pH 值。在 42 天的饲养期间检查生产结果。使用点数法评估 FPD。分析了胴体组织组成以及肉（pH 值、颜色、保水能力、滴水损失）和骨破碎强度的定性物理化学特性。稻草的 CF 含量较高。总的来说，在 CHs 中发现了最高的 N 含量。S 中的 P 含量较低，CHs 组中的 K 含量最高，其次是 S 和 PB。CHs 组的垫料 pH 值较低，PB 组的 pH 值较高，S 组的垫料 pH 值最高。DM 在饲养期间逐渐减少。垫料（粪便）组成的类型与饲养天数之间存在显著的相互作用。在 PB 组中，与 S 组相比，1-14 天 FCR 恶化。与其他组相比，PB 组的 FPD 发生率显著降低。在 PB 组中，鸡的屠宰率高于 S 组，体重和肝脏比例低于 CHs 组。S 组的腹部脂肪重量和比例高于 CHs 组。可以得出结论，作为颗粒的一部分的咖啡壳对降低鸡的 FPD 和屠宰率有积极作用，并为垫料补充了营养物质，这些物质与家禽粪便一起，在饲养后可以成为农业土壤的优质肥料。可以推荐使用颗粒垫料。
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