Meland Eivind, Furuholmen Dag, Jahanlu David
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care and Bergen Municipality, University of Bergen, Norway.
Retired, Nesoddtangen, Norway.
Scand J Public Health. 2024 Jul;52(5):598-606. doi: 10.1177/14034948231168978. Epub 2023 Apr 23.
The phenomenon of 'parental alienation' is controversial and little explored in the Nordic countries. We wanted to investigate whether parental alienation is a valid concept and how it is perceived in a Nordic context.
The study was based on an online survey where the participants were self-recruited. We received responses from 1212 participants. Bivariate and multivariate models were used to test the associations between parental alienation and gender, other intimate partner violence, depressive health problems and reduced well-being.
Visitation sabotage and parental alienation are realities for both fathers and mothers. It was most frequently directed at fathers, but such behaviour is not gender specific. Eight different alienation strategies have high internal reliability, and all items contribute to high Cronbach's alpha. Construct validity was confirmed by the fact that parental alienation is strongly associated with visitation sabotage and with other forms of destructive relational behaviour. Visitation sabotage and false accusations increase gradually with the degree of parental alienation. The construct validity of parental alienation was also confirmed by dose-response associations with both mental ill-health and impaired well-being in adjusted analyses.
The phenomenon of parental alienation is recognized among parents as a form of harmful behaviour where both mothers and fathers suffer. The construct validity was supported in this study. Such behaviour should be recognized as a form of domestic violence by professional communities in health and social services and be subject to legal action.
“父母疏离”现象颇具争议，在北欧国家鲜有人探究。我们想调查父母疏离是否是一个有效的概念，以及在北欧背景下人们如何看待它。
该研究基于一项在线调查，参与者为自我招募。我们收到了1212名参与者的回复。使用双变量和多变量模型来检验父母疏离与性别、其他亲密伴侣暴力、抑郁健康问题以及幸福感降低之间的关联。
探视破坏和父母疏离对父亲和母亲而言都是现实情况。这种情况最常针对父亲，但此类行为并非特定性别专属。八种不同的疏离策略具有较高的内部信度，所有条目均对高克朗巴哈系数有贡献。父母疏离与探视破坏以及其他形式的破坏性关系行为密切相关，这一事实证实了结构效度。探视破坏和虚假指控随着父母疏离程度的增加而逐渐增多。在调整分析中，父母疏离与心理健康不良和幸福感受损的剂量反应关联也证实了其结构效度。
父母疏离现象在父母中被视为一种有害行为形式，父母双方都会受影响。本研究支持了其结构效度。这种行为应被卫生和社会服务领域的专业群体视为家庭暴力的一种形式，并应受到法律制裁。
