Jun Jeehye, Park Dahye
School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Iran J Public Health. 2023 Feb;52(2):360-370. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v52i2.11889.
South Korea has the fastest growing aging population in the world, and the Korean older adult population has been reported to have poor self-rated health (SRH). This cross-sectional descriptive survey aimed to examine the SRH and associated factors among the Korean older adult population using the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data.
The differences in SRH according to socioeconomic, health-related, and mental health-related factors and their relationships were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression, using data from 1,521 older adults in Korea from the 8 KNHANES.
Self-rated health was higher among older adults with a high family income (odds ratio [OR]=1.58, 95% CI: 1.05-2.36), those who finished elementary school or lower as opposed to those with a middle school diploma (OR=0.52, 95% CI:0.29-0.95), those with a low body mass index (BMI) compared to those with a higher BMI (OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.21-0.88), those with no unmet health needs (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.31-3.06), those with better diet-related circumstances (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.15-3.39), those with lower stress (OR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.28-2.44), those with no suicidal ideation (OR=2.92, 95% CI: 1.75-4.87), and those without a history of psychiatric counseling (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.02-4.34).
The findings highlight the importance of health behaviors in promoting SRH among older adults in Korea, and emphasize the need for developing and implementing educational programs that reflect these findings.
韩国是世界上老龄化人口增长最快的国家，据报道，韩国老年人口的自评健康状况较差。这项横断面描述性调查旨在利用2019年韩国国家健康与营养检查调查（KNHANES）的数据，研究韩国老年人口的自评健康状况及相关因素。
使用来自韩国KNHANES的8次调查中1521名老年人的数据，通过卡方检验和逻辑回归分析社会经济、健康相关和心理健康相关因素对自评健康的差异及其关系。
家庭收入高的老年人自评健康状况更好（优势比[OR]=1.58，95%置信区间：1.05-2.36）；小学及以下学历者相对于初中学历者自评健康状况更好（OR=0.52，95%置信区间：0.29-0.95）；体重指数（BMI）低的老年人相对于BMI高的老年人自评健康状况更好（OR=0.43，95%置信区间：0.21-0.88）；没有未满足的健康需求的老年人自评健康状况更好（OR=2.00，95%置信区间：1.31-3.06）；饮食相关状况较好的老年人自评健康状况更好（OR=1.98，95%置信区间：1.15-3.39）；压力较小的老年人自评健康状况更好（OR=1.77，95%置信区间：1.28-2.44）；没有自杀意念的老年人自评健康状况更好（OR=2.92，95%置信区间：1.75-4.87）；没有心理咨询史的老年人自评健康状况更好（OR=2.10，95%置信区间：1.02-4.34）。
研究结果凸显了健康行为在促进韩国老年人自评健康方面的重要性，并强调需要制定和实施反映这些研究结果的教育项目。
