Mihatsch M J, Ryffel B, Hermle M, Brunner F P, Thiel G
Clin Nephrol. 1986;25 Suppl 1:S2-8.
Cyclosporine (CSA) nephrotoxicity was investigated in the rat. Morphologically, CSA nephrotoxicity is characterized by the following features: (a) Tubular inclusion bodies (TIB) corresponding to autolysosomes and giant mitochondria; (b) tubular vacuolization (TV) due to dilatation of the endoplasmatic reticulum; (c) tubular microcalcification (TM); and (d) tubular regeneration (TR). The morphologic features are limited to (a and b) or predominate (c and d) in the proximal tubule. CSA tubulopathy as defined above is dose dependent, independent of the route of a drug administration, develops quickly (within a week), is reversible after CSA withdrawal, is more pronounced in male than in female rats and shows no clear cut differences in various rat strains. Body weight shows a dose dependent reduction. The functional changes are usually slight. No significant correlation exists between functional changes and morphologic lesions. The type of CSA nephrotoxicity in the rat is very similar to CSA-tubulopathy in man but associated with less severe functional changes.
在大鼠中研究了环孢素（CSA）的肾毒性。从形态学上看，CSA肾毒性具有以下特征：（a）与自溶酶体和巨型线粒体相对应的肾小管包涵体（TIB）；（b）由于内质网扩张导致的肾小管空泡化（TV）；（c）肾小管微钙化（TM）；以及（d）肾小管再生（TR）。这些形态学特征局限于近端小管（a和b）或在近端小管中占主导（c和d）。上述定义的CSA肾小管病是剂量依赖性的，与给药途径无关，发展迅速（一周内），CSA撤药后可逆，在雄性大鼠中比雌性大鼠更明显，并且在各种大鼠品系中没有明显差异。体重呈剂量依赖性降低。功能变化通常很轻微。功能变化与形态学病变之间不存在显著相关性。大鼠中CSA肾毒性的类型与人类CSA肾小管病非常相似，但功能变化较轻。
