Joshi Rajneesh Kumar, Arora Manisha, Mukherjee Reema
Public Health Specialist and Epidemiologist, Govt. of India, New Delhi.
Public Health Consultant, New Delhi.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Feb;12(2):332-337. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_58_21. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
Emotional violence is the lesser recognized form of intimate partner violence (IPV) but causes long-lasting harm to a woman's mental and physical wellbeing.
To estimate the prevalence and describe the determinants of emotional violence faced by women residing in a metropolitan city of India.
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 'presently married' women living in an urban residential area of Delhi.
We used the NFHS-3 questionnaire and criteria to record the study participants' responses regarding their experience of 'emotional violence'. Women saying yes to emotional violence further quantified the frequency of each type of abuse into 'often' or 'sometimes' in the past 12 months. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and the Institutional Ethics Committee approved the study.
Logistic regression analysis was used to determine emotional violence with various socio-demographic factors and other forms of IPV.
A total of 99 (19.8%) women had 'ever' faced psychological abuse by their husbands. 15.2% of women were humiliated by husbands, and 11.6% of women were insulted and made to feel bad about themselves. Women whose husbands consume alcohol (OR = 1.74 (1.07-2.84), exhibit controlling behaviour, (OR = 2.79 (1.74-4.46) exhibit physical (OR = 10.83 (6.4-18.32) or sexual (OR = 5.53 (3-10.2) violence were at significantly higher risk of facing psychological abuse within their marriages.
Physical violence and controlling were found to be significantly associated with the experience of emotional violence after adjusting for all other variables. Primary care physicians should be sensitized to this critical health issue.
情感暴力是亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）中较少被认识到的形式，但会对女性的身心健康造成长期伤害。
估计印度大都市中女性所面临情感暴力的患病率，并描述其决定因素。
这项横断面研究在居住于德里市区的“目前已婚”女性中进行。
我们使用国家家庭健康调查-3（NFHS-3）问卷及标准来记录研究参与者关于“情感暴力”经历的回答。对情感暴力回答为“是”的女性进一步将过去12个月中每种虐待类型的频率量化为“经常”或“有时”。所有参与者均获得了知情同意，且研究得到了机构伦理委员会的批准。
采用逻辑回归分析来确定情感暴力与各种社会人口学因素及其他形式的亲密伴侣暴力之间的关系。
共有99名（19.8%）女性“曾经”遭受丈夫的心理虐待。15.2%的女性被丈夫羞辱，11.6%的女性被侮辱并自我感觉不佳。丈夫饮酒的女性（比值比[OR]=1.74[1.07 - 2.84]）、表现出控制行为的女性（OR = 2.79[1.74 - 4.46]）、遭受身体暴力（OR = 10.83[6.4 - 18.32]）或性暴力（OR = 5.53[3 - 10.2]）的女性在婚姻中面临心理虐待的风险显著更高。
在对所有其他变量进行调整后，发现身体暴力和控制行为与情感暴力经历显著相关。初级保健医生应对这一关键健康问题提高认识。
