Silwal Karishma, Kodali Prakash Babu, Sharma Hemanshu, Tewani Gulab Rai, Nair Pradeep M K
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sant Hirdaram Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences for Women, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Feb;12(2):338-351. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1574_22. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
Reports suggest that females experience more adverse events post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination compared to males. However, no gender-specific data on the impact of vaccines on the Indian population are available. The present study was intended to understand the impact of COVID-19 vaccines on the health status of young Indian female adults and to identify the factors associated with experiencing adverse events post-vaccination.
A web-based survey was conducted among 433 young female adults who have taken at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The prevalence and duration of systemic and generalized symptoms were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The factors associated with symptoms post-vaccination were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed. A value of ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Of the 404 surveys returned (93.3%), 371 respondents have received both vaccine doses. COVISHIELD™ was the vaccine of choice among 73% of respondents and nearly 91% of the respondents reported a re-infection post-vaccination. At least one form of the symptom as a side effect of vaccination was experienced by 88.4% ( = 357) of the participants. This included generalized symptoms (77.5%) followed by musculoskeletal (53.2%), localized (38.9%), psychological (35.1%), gastrointestinal (25.5%), gynecological (24%), and endocrine symptoms (22.5%). Presence of chronic ailments was significantly associated with experiencing localized symptoms (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.25-3.91), psychological symptoms (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.34-4.34), neurological symptoms (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.38-6.46), gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 4.76, 95% CI 2.59-8.75), respiratory symptoms (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.29-4.67), endocrine symptoms (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.58-5.38), and gynecological symptoms (OR 4.05, 95% CI 2.21-7.44). Older than 21 years was significantly associated with the experience of gynecologic symptoms (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.24-3.64). Not being re-infected post-vaccination has lower odds of experiencing psychological, gastrointestinal, and respiratory symptoms.
Our result suggests serious planning and counseling are warranted while disseminating COVID-19 vaccination among young female adults especially those with comorbidities to foster trust and coverage.
报告显示，与男性相比，女性在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗接种后经历更多不良事件。然而，尚无关于疫苗对印度人群影响的性别特异性数据。本研究旨在了解COVID-19疫苗对年轻印度成年女性健康状况的影响，并确定与接种疫苗后发生不良事件相关的因素。
对433名至少接种过一剂COVID-19疫苗的年轻成年女性进行了一项基于网络的调查。使用描述性统计分析全身和一般症状的患病率及持续时间。使用二元逻辑回归分析接种疫苗后与症状相关的因素。计算调整后的比值比和95%置信区间。P值≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在404份返回的调查问卷中（93.3%），371名受访者接种了两剂疫苗。73%的受访者选择了COVISHIELD™疫苗，近91%的受访者报告接种疫苗后再次感染。88.4%（n = 357）的参与者经历了至少一种作为疫苗接种副作用的症状形式。这包括一般症状（77.5%），其次是肌肉骨骼症状（53.2%）、局部症状（38.9%）、心理症状（35.1%）、胃肠道症状（25.5%）、妇科症状（24%）和内分泌症状（22.5%）。慢性病的存在与局部症状（比值比2.21，95%置信区间1.25 - 3.91）、心理症状（比值比2.41，95%置信区间1.34 - 4.34）、神经症状（比值比2.98，95%置信区间1.38 - 6.46）、胃肠道症状（比值比4.76，95%置信区间2.59 - 8.75）、呼吸道症状（比值比2.45，95%置信区间1.29 - 4.67）、内分泌症状（比值比2.92，95%置信区间1.58 - 5.38）和妇科症状（比值比4.05，95%置信区间2.21 - 7.44）的发生显著相关。年龄大于21岁与妇科症状的发生显著相关（比值比2.12，95%置信区间1.24 - 3.64）。接种疫苗后未再次感染经历心理、胃肠道和呼吸道症状的几率较低。
我们的结果表明，在向年轻成年女性尤其是患有合并症的女性推广COVID-19疫苗接种时，有必要进行认真的规划和咨询，以促进信任和覆盖率。
