健康饮食指数和饮食炎症指数与女性大学生运动员的身体成分无关。
Healthy Eating Index and Dietary Inflammatory Index are not correlated with body composition in female collegiate athletes.
机构信息
Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Packaging, San José State University, San José, California, USA.
出版信息
J Am Coll Health. 2024 Dec;72(9):3829-3835. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2201858. Epub 2023 Apr 24.
OBJECTIVE
This cross-sectional study investigated associations among the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and body composition in female collegiate athletes.
PARTICIPANTS
Female NCAA Division I student-athletes (n = 41, 18-21 years old) were included from various sports and did not report any diagnosed chronic diseases.
METHODS
Demographics, dietary intake, anthropometrics, and body composition, including bone mineral density, were collected utilizing a questionnaire, three interview-based multiple-pass 24-h dietary recalls, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
RESULTS
Mean HEI-2015 and DII scores (using 39 of 45 components) were 56.2 ± 13.5 and -0.1 ± 1.9, respectively. Athletes did not meet recommended intake levels for servings of fruit, vegetables, fiber, calcium, vitamin D, omega-3, and omega-6. Saturated fat and added sugar intake exceeded the recommended intakes. Diet quality indices and body composition measures were not correlated.
CONCLUSIONS
Although female collegiate athletes consumed poor-quality diets, this was not associated with body composition or bone health.
目的
本横断面研究调查了女性大学生运动员的健康饮食指数（HEI-2015）、饮食炎症指数（DII）与身体成分之间的关联。
参与者
本研究纳入了来自不同运动项目、年龄在 18-21 岁、未报告任何确诊慢性病的美国大学生体育协会（NCAA）一级女运动员。
方法
利用问卷调查、三次基于访谈的多次 24 小时饮食回忆和双能 X 射线吸收法收集了参与者的人口统计学信息、饮食摄入、人体测量学和身体成分数据，包括骨矿物质密度。
结果
平均 HEI-2015 和 DII 得分（使用 45 个成分中的 39 个）分别为 56.2±13.5 和 -0.1±1.9。运动员的水果、蔬菜、纤维、钙、维生素 D、欧米伽 3 和欧米伽 6 的推荐摄入量均未达标。饱和脂肪和添加糖的摄入量超过了推荐摄入量。饮食质量指数与身体成分测量值之间没有相关性。
结论
尽管女性大学生运动员的饮食质量较差，但这与身体成分或骨骼健康无关。
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