Bachelor Course in Nutrition, Federal University of Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2023 May;40(5):613-624. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2203778. Epub 2023 Apr 26.
The dietary exposure of six food azo-colours was assessed in a sample of pre-schoolers from Guaratuba-Paraná, Brazil. Consumption data of 323 children aged 2 to 5 years was collected through 3-day food records. Dietary exposure, is expressed by milligrams of food colour by kilogram of body weight per day, as compared to the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). Three exposure scenarios were developed to account for uncertainties around consumption estimates. Intakes of Amaranth (INS 123) described in means, 50th and 95th percentiles exceeded ADI levels in the two most conservative scenarios, with the highest percentiles exceeding about four times the ADI. High intakes of Sunset Yellow FCF (INS 110) were also observed, of up to 85% of the ADI in the worst-case scenario. Findings suggest high exposure levels to azo-dyes in the survey population, with children likely exceeding the ADI for Amaranth (INS 123) and concerns for Sunset Yellow FCF (INS 110). Major food contributors were beverages (juice powders and soft drinks), dairy and sweets. Further studies on dietary exposure assessment are needed at the national level. The authors highlight the need of controlling the use of such additives through national policies that are aligned with the consumption patterns observed in the country.
本研究评估了巴西瓜拉图巴-巴拉那州学龄前儿童对 6 种食用偶氮色的膳食暴露情况。通过 3 天的食物记录收集了 323 名 2 至 5 岁儿童的消费数据。膳食暴露量以每日每公斤体重摄入的食用色素毫克数表示，并与每日允许摄入量（ADI）进行比较。为了考虑到消费估计的不确定性，制定了三种暴露情景。在两种最保守的情景中，以平均值、第 50 百分位数和第 95 百分位数表示的苋菜（INS 123）摄入量超过了 ADI 水平，最高百分位数超过 ADI 约四倍。还观察到日落黄 FCF（INS 110）的高摄入量，在最坏情况下高达 ADI 的 85%。研究结果表明，调查人群中偶氮染料的暴露水平较高，儿童可能超过苋菜（INS 123）的 ADI，日落黄 FCF（INS 110）也令人担忧。主要的食物来源是饮料（果汁粉和软饮料）、乳制品和甜食。需要在国家层面进一步开展膳食暴露评估研究。作者强调，需要通过与国内观察到的消费模式相匹配的国家政策来控制此类添加剂的使用。
