McCarthy M M, vom Saal F S
Dev Psychobiol. 1986 May;19(3):279-90. doi: 10.1002/dev.420190313.
The frequency of infanticide by juvenile, young-adult, and adult male house mice (Mus musculus) was compared in CF-1 albino mice and the F1-F4 male offspring of wild mice trapped in Missouri. When tested in their home cages for their behavior toward a single 2-day-old pup after being individually housed for 5 days, juvenile CF-1 and wild males were equally likely to exhibit infanticide (about 35%). But, adult wild males were significantly more likely to exhibit infanticide (about 90%) than were adult CF-1 males (about 45%). We propose that differences in exposure to testosterone during fetal life may contribute to the difference in the incidence of infanticide between CF-1 and wild males. Prolonged isolation (45 days) significantly reduced the proportion of wild male mice that exhibited infanticide when the males were tested in their home cages, but not when the males were tested by being placed into the cage of lactating females and their 2-day-old young. Virtually all adult wild males exhibited infanticide when they were tested in their home cages (with either a 2-day-old or 7-day-old pup) or when they were placed into the cages of lactating wild female mice and their 2-day-old young. But, when adult wild males were placed with lactating wild females on Day 7 postpartum, the females attacked the males and most males were prevented from exhibiting infanticide.
在CF-1白化小鼠以及密苏里州捕获的野生小鼠的F1 - F4雄性后代中，比较了幼年、青年和成年雄性家鼠（小家鼠）的杀婴频率。在单独饲养5天后，将幼年CF-1和野生雄性小鼠置于其家笼中，测试它们对一只2日龄幼崽的行为，二者表现出杀婴行为的可能性相同（约35%）。但是，成年野生雄性小鼠表现出杀婴行为的可能性（约90%）显著高于成年CF-1雄性小鼠（约45%）。我们推测，胎儿期接触睾酮的差异可能导致CF-1和野生雄性小鼠杀婴发生率的差异。当在其家笼中测试时，长时间隔离（45天）显著降低了野生雄性小鼠表现出杀婴行为的比例，但当将雄性小鼠放入正在哺乳的雌性小鼠及其2日龄幼崽的笼子中进行测试时，情况并非如此。几乎所有成年野生雄性小鼠在其家笼中（与2日龄或7日龄幼崽在一起）接受测试时，或者被放入正在哺乳的野生雌性小鼠及其2日龄幼崽的笼子中时，都会表现出杀婴行为。但是，当成年野生雄性小鼠在产后第7天与正在哺乳的野生雌性小鼠放在一起时，雌性小鼠会攻击雄性小鼠，大多数雄性小鼠无法表现出杀婴行为。
