MacCannell K L
Gastroenterology. 1986 Jul;91(1):79-83. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(86)90442-7.
Acute nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia was produced in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital by reversible pericardial tamponade, which reduced cardiac output and mesenteric blood flow by approximately 42% and 53%, respectively. Papaverine, infused into the cephalic (superior) mesenteric artery at an average dose of 100 micrograms/kg X min, was completely effective in restoring mesenteric blood flow and correcting altered intestinal oxygen kinetics. However, the same dose of papaverine given intravenously to other dogs was ineffective in correcting the deranged hemodynamics and oxygen kinetics. Larger doses of intravenous papaverine returned mesenteric blood flow toward control values but caused systemic arterial hypotension. In comparison, synthetic urotensin I, a highly selective mesenteric vasodilator peptide, produced results identical to those produced by intraarterial papaverine, even though it was given intravenously in small doses (average dose: 13 ng/kg . min). Moreover, it produced no systemic effects. These results suggest that intravenous urotensin I is as effective as intraarterial papaverine in a model of severe mesenteric ischemia, and that it should be examined for a possible clinical role in the treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia in humans.
通过可逆性心包填塞在戊巴比妥麻醉的犬身上制造急性非闭塞性肠系膜缺血，这分别使心输出量和肠系膜血流量降低了约42%和53%。以平均剂量100微克/千克·分钟向肠系膜上（头侧）动脉输注罂粟碱，在恢复肠系膜血流量和纠正改变的肠道氧动力学方面完全有效。然而，向其他犬静脉给予相同剂量的罂粟碱在纠正紊乱的血流动力学和氧动力学方面无效。更大剂量的静脉注射罂粟碱使肠系膜血流量恢复到对照值，但导致全身动脉低血压。相比之下，合成的尿紧张素I，一种高度选择性的肠系膜血管扩张肽，产生了与动脉内注射罂粟碱相同的结果，尽管它是以小剂量（平均剂量：13纳克/千克·分钟）静脉给药的。此外，它没有产生全身作用。这些结果表明，在严重肠系膜缺血模型中，静脉注射尿紧张素I与动脉内注射罂粟碱一样有效，并且应该研究其在治疗人类急性肠系膜缺血中可能的临床作用。
