Pediatric Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Dis Model Mech. 2023 Jun 1;16(6). doi: 10.1242/dmm.049868. Epub 2023 Jun 2.
Facial development requires a complex and coordinated series of cellular events that, when perturbed, can lead to structural birth defects. A quantitative approach to quickly assess morphological changes could address how genetic or environmental inputs lead to differences in facial shape and promote malformations. Here, we report on a method to rapidly analyze craniofacial development in zebrafish embryos using facial analytics based on a coordinate extrapolation system, termed zFACE. Confocal images capture facial structures and morphometric data are quantified based on anatomical landmarks present during development. The quantitative morphometric data can detect phenotypic variation and inform on changes in facial morphology. We applied this approach to show that loss of smarca4a in developing zebrafish leads to craniofacial anomalies, microcephaly and alterations in brain morphology. These changes are characteristic of Coffin-Siris syndrome, a rare human genetic disorder associated with mutations in SMARCA4. Multivariate analysis of zFACE data facilitated the classification of smarca4a mutants based on changes in specific phenotypic characteristics. Together, zFACE provides a way to rapidly and quantitatively assess the impact of genetic alterations on craniofacial development in zebrafish.
面部发育需要一系列复杂而协调的细胞事件,如果这些事件受到干扰,可能会导致结构出生缺陷。一种快速评估形态变化的定量方法可以研究遗传或环境因素如何导致面部形状的差异,并促进畸形的发生。在这里,我们报告了一种使用基于坐标外推系统的面部分析方法来快速分析斑马鱼胚胎颅面发育的方法,称为 zFACE。共聚焦图像捕获面部结构,基于发育过程中存在的解剖学标志来量化形态计量数据。定量形态计量数据可以检测表型变异,并提示面部形态的变化。我们应用这种方法表明,斑马鱼中 smarca4a 的缺失会导致颅面异常、小头畸形和大脑形态改变。这些变化是 Coffin-Siris 综合征的特征,这是一种罕见的人类遗传疾病,与 SMARCA4 基因突变有关。zFACE 数据的多变量分析有助于根据特定表型特征的变化对 smarca4a 突变体进行分类。总之,zFACE 提供了一种快速定量评估遗传改变对斑马鱼颅面发育影响的方法。
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