Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 703 3rd Street, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2023 Aug;52(6):2539-2560. doi: 10.1007/s10508-023-02592-9. Epub 2023 Apr 27.
Risky sexual behaviors (RSBs) incur large societal and personal costs. Despite widespread prevention efforts, RSBs and associated consequences (e.g., sexually transmitted infections) continue to rise. A proliferation of research has emerged on situational (e.g., alcohol use) and individual difference (e.g., impulsivity) factors to explain this rise, but these approaches assume an unrealistically static mechanism underlying RSB. Because this prior research has resulted in few compelling effects, we sought to innovate by examining the interaction of situation and individual differences in explaining RSBs. A large sample (N = 105) completed baseline reports of psychopathology and 30 daily diary reports of RSBs and associated contexts. These data were submitted to multilevel models including cross-level interactions to test a person-by-situation conceptualization of RSBs. Results suggested that RSBs are most strongly predicted from interactions of person- and situation-level factors in both protective and facilitative directions. These interactions outnumbered main effects and commonly included partner commitment as a central mechanism. These results point to theoretical and clinical gaps in preventing RSB and urge a departure from prior ways of conceptualizing sexual risk as a static outcome.
高危性行为（RSBs）会给社会和个人带来巨大的代价。尽管已经进行了广泛的预防工作，但 RSBs 及其相关后果（例如性传播感染）仍在不断上升。大量研究已经出现，探讨了情境（例如饮酒）和个体差异（例如冲动性）因素来解释这种上升现象，但这些方法假设 RSB 背后存在一种不切实际的静态机制。由于之前的研究结果并没有产生令人信服的效果，我们试图通过检查情况和个体差异的相互作用来解释 RSB，从而进行创新。一个大样本（N=105）完成了心理病理学的基线报告和 30 天的 RSB 及其相关背景的日常日记报告。这些数据被提交给多层次模型，包括交叉层次的相互作用，以测试 RSB 的人与情境概念化。结果表明，RSBs 最强烈地受到保护和促进方向的人与情境层面因素相互作用的预测。这些相互作用超过了主要效应，通常包括伴侣承诺作为一个核心机制。这些结果指出了预防 RSB 方面的理论和临床差距，并敦促人们摒弃之前将性风险视为静态结果的概念化方式。
