Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2010 Feb;98(2):319-41. doi: 10.1037/a0017785.
The present study examines the individual and joint contributions of personality, situations, and relationship contexts as they shape risky sexual behaviors. Data on 7,511 discrete sexual events collected from a community sample of 1,946 young adults were analyzed with multilevel modeling. Results showed that meaningful between-persons differences in risky sexual behavior exist and that these differences are predictable in theoretically reasonable ways by interindividual differences in personality. However, the majority of variance in risky behaviors was at the within-person level and could be reliably explained by within-person changes in personality, the situation, and the relationship context. Finally, personality interacted with context such that personality more strongly predicted risky behaviors in contexts that were ostensibly novel and ambiguous. Together these results suggest that risky sexual behaviors cannot be understood in a static, typical, or decontextualized way but rather must be viewed as a complex product of the person, the situation, and the relationship context.
本研究考察了人格、情境和关系背景对风险性行为的个体和联合贡献。对 1946 名年轻成年人的社区样本中收集的 7511 次离散性行为数据进行了多层次建模分析。结果表明，风险性行为存在有意义的个体间差异，并且这些差异可以通过个体间人格差异以理论上合理的方式进行预测。然而，风险行为的大部分差异存在于个体内部，并且可以通过人格、情境和关系背景的个体内部变化可靠地解释。最后，人格与情境相互作用，使得人格在明显新颖和模糊的情境中更能预测风险行为。这些结果表明，风险性行为不能以静态、典型或去情境化的方式来理解，而必须被视为个人、情境和关系背景的复杂产物。
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