Liu Yifei, Farris Karen B, Nayakankuppam Dhananjay, Doucette William R
Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Pharmacy, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2023 Mar 31;11(2):67. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy11020067.
: An innovative approach of Norm Balance is proposed under the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). In this approach, the measurement score of subjective norm is weighted by the relative importance of others, and the measurement score of self-identity is weighted by the relative importance of self. The study objective was to examine the effect of Norm Balance to predict behavioral intentions in two groups of college students. : Cross-sectional surveys were used in two studies. For 153 business undergraduates, Study 1 examined three common intentions: eating a low-fat diet, exercising regularly, and dressing business-like. For 176 PharmD students, Study 2 examined three pharmacy-related intentions: informing relatives about counterfeit medications, buying prescription medications online, and completing a pharmacy residency. The relative importance of others vs. self was measured by asking study subjects to allocate 10 points between important others and oneself. Two sets of regressions were conducted and compared across six intentions using the traditional model and the Norm Balance model. : The 12 regressions explained 59-77% of intention variance. The variance explained by the two models was similar. When subjective norm or self-identity was non-significant in the traditional model, the corresponding Norm Balance component was significant in the Norm Balance model, except for eating a low-fat diet. When both subjective norm and self-identity were significant in the traditional model, the two Norm Balance components were significant in the Norm Balance model with increased coefficients. : The proposed approach of Norm Balance provides a different view about the significance and coefficients of subjective norm and self-identity toward intention prediction.
在计划行为理论（TPB）的框架下，提出了一种规范平衡的创新方法。在这种方法中，主观规范的测量得分由他人的相对重要性加权，自我认同的测量得分由自我的相对重要性加权。本研究的目的是检验规范平衡对两组大学生行为意图预测的影响。
两项研究均采用横断面调查。在研究1中，对153名商科本科生，考察了三种常见意图：低脂饮食、定期锻炼和商务着装。在研究2中，对176名药学博士学生，考察了三种与药学相关的意图：告知亲属关于假药的信息、网上购买处方药以及完成药学住院实习。通过要求研究对象在重要他人和自己之间分配10分来衡量他人与自我的相对重要性。使用传统模型和规范平衡模型对六个意图进行了两组回归分析并比较。
这12项回归解释了意图方差的59%-77%。两个模型解释的方差相似。在传统模型中，当主观规范或自我认同不显著时，在规范平衡模型中相应的规范平衡成分显著，但低脂饮食除外。在传统模型中，当主观规范和自我认同都显著时，在规范平衡模型中这两个规范平衡成分显著且系数增加。
所提出的规范平衡方法为关于主观规范和自我认同对意图预测的重要性和系数提供了不同的观点。
