Sparks P, Shepherd R, Wieringa N, Zimmermanns N
Institute of Food Research, Reading, UK.
Appetite. 1995 Jun;24(3):243-55. doi: 10.1016/s0195-6663(95)99787-3.
In the context of five dietary changes conducive to reductions in fat consumption, a short questionnaire was constructed to examine the applicability of the theory of planned behaviour and to assess the presence of the phenomenon of "unrealistic optimism". An extension to the theory of planned behaviour was also included, in the form of a "self-identity" measure assessing identification with concern about the health consequences of diet. The questionnaire was completed by 612 members of the general public at three different locations in the U.K. The findings indicate some support for the applicability of the theory of planned behaviour, with the measure of "self-identity" producing some additional independent effects. Evidence of unrealistic optimism concerning diet-related health risks was found, with greater optimism being significantly related to lower relative consumption estimates of "unhealthy" foods. The findings are discussed in the context of implications for health promotion.
在有助于减少脂肪摄入的五项饮食变化背景下，构建了一份简短问卷，以检验计划行为理论的适用性，并评估“不切实际的乐观主义”现象的存在。计划行为理论的一个扩展内容也被纳入，形式为一项“自我认同”测量，评估对饮食健康后果担忧的认同程度。该问卷由英国三个不同地点的612名普通民众填写。研究结果表明，计划行为理论的适用性得到了一定支持，“自我认同”测量产生了一些额外的独立影响。发现了与饮食相关健康风险存在不切实际乐观主义的证据，更强烈的乐观情绪与对“不健康”食品相对较低的消费估计显著相关。研究结果在对健康促进的影响背景下进行了讨论。
