Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 20;24(8):7617. doi: 10.3390/ijms24087617.
Phosphodiesterases are key regulators that fine tune the intracellular levels of cyclic nucleotides, given their ability to hydrolyze cAMP and cGMP. They are critical regulators of cAMP/cGMP-mediated signaling pathways, modulating their downstream biological effects such as gene expression, cell proliferation, cell-cycle regulation but also inflammation and metabolic function. Recently, mutations in PDE genes have been identified and linked to human genetic diseases and PDEs have been demonstrated to play a potential role in predisposition to several tumors, especially in cAMP-sensitive tissues. This review summarizes the current knowledge and most relevant findings regarding the expression and regulation of PDE families in the testis focusing on PDEs role in testicular cancer development.
磷酸二酯酶是关键的调节剂，能够调节细胞内环核苷酸的水平，因为它们能够水解 cAMP 和 cGMP。它们是 cAMP/cGMP 介导的信号通路的关键调节剂，调节其下游的生物学效应，如基因表达、细胞增殖、细胞周期调节，以及炎症和代谢功能。最近，已经鉴定出 PDE 基因的突变与人类遗传疾病有关，并且已经证明 PDE 在几种肿瘤的易感性中发挥潜在作用，特别是在 cAMP 敏感的组织中。本文综述了目前关于睾丸中 PDE 家族的表达和调节的知识和最相关的发现，重点介绍了 PDE 在睾丸癌发展中的作用。
