College of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China.
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Apr 10;23(8):3851. doi: 10.3390/s23083851.
Noncontact voltage measurement has the advantages of simple handling, high construction safety, and not being affected by line insulation. However, in practical measurement of noncontact voltage, sensor gain is affected by wire diameter, wire insulation material, and relative position deviation. At the same time, it is also subject to interference from interphase or peripheral coupling electric fields. This paper proposes a noncontact voltage measurement self-calibration method based on dynamic capacitance, which realizes self-calibration of sensor gain through unknown line voltage to be measured. Firstly, the basic principle of the self-calibration method for noncontact voltage measurement based on dynamic capacitance is introduced. Subsequently, the sensor model and parameters were optimized through error analysis and simulation research. Based on this, a sensor prototype and remote dynamic capacitance control unit that can shield against interference are developed. Finally, the accuracy test, anti-interference ability test, and line adaptability test of the sensor prototype were conducted. The accuracy test showed that the maximum relative error of voltage amplitude was 0.89%, and the phase relative error was 1.57%. The anti-interference ability test showed that the error offset was 0.25% when there were interference sources. The line adaptability test shows that the maximum relative error in testing different types of lines is 1.01%.
非接触式电压测量具有操作简单、施工安全性高、不受线路绝缘影响等优点。然而，在非接触式电压的实际测量中，传感器增益会受到线径、线绝缘材料和相对位置偏差的影响。同时，它还会受到相间或周边耦合电场的干扰。本文提出了一种基于动态电容的非接触式电压测量自校准方法，通过待测量的未知线路电压实现传感器增益的自校准。首先，介绍了基于动态电容的非接触式电压测量自校准方法的基本原理。随后，通过误差分析和仿真研究对传感器模型和参数进行了优化。在此基础上，开发了一种能够屏蔽干扰的传感器原型和远程动态电容控制单元。最后，对传感器原型进行了精度测试、抗干扰能力测试和线路适应性测试。精度测试表明，电压幅值的最大相对误差为 0.89%，相位相对误差为 1.57%。抗干扰能力测试表明，存在干扰源时，误差偏移为 0.25%。线路适应性测试表明，测试不同类型线路时的最大相对误差为 1.01%。
