Department of Bacteriology and Biocontamination Control, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
Viruses. 2023 Apr 14;15(4):970. doi: 10.3390/v15040970.
There are limited reports concerning the levels of antibodies in IgG subclasses and the avidity of IgG, which is the functional strength with which an antibody binds to an antigen in serum samples obtained at different times after infection or vaccination. This study investigated the kinetics of antibody avidity and the IgG antibody response within IgG1-IgG4 subclasses in individuals vaccinated with the BNT162B2 mRNA vaccine and in COVID-19 patients. Serum samples were collected from individuals vaccinated with three doses of the BNT162B2 (Comirnaty, Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine and from unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. This study revealed that IgG1 was a dominating subclass of IgG both in COVID-19 patients and in vaccinated individuals. The level of IgG4 and IgG avidity significantly increased 7 months after the first two doses of the vaccine and then again after the third dose. IgG2 and IgG3 levels were low in most individuals. Investigating IgG avidity and the dynamics of IgG subclasses is essential for understanding the mechanisms of protection against viral infections, including COVID-19, especially in the context of immunization with innovative mRNA vaccines and the possible future development and application of mRNA technology.
关于 IgG 亚类的抗体水平和 IgG 的亲和力（即抗体在血清样本中与感染或接种疫苗后不同时间获得的抗原结合的功能强度）的报道有限。本研究调查了接种 BNT162B2 mRNA 疫苗的个体和 COVID-19 患者中抗体亲和力的动力学以及 IgG1-IgG4 亚类中的 IgG 抗体反应。从接种三剂 BNT162B2（辉瑞/BioNTech 的 Comirnaty）疫苗的个体和未接种 COVID-19 患者的血清样本中采集了血清样本。本研究表明，在 COVID-19 患者和接种个体中，IgG1 都是 IgG 的主要亚类。在接种疫苗的前两剂后 7 个月，IgG4 和 IgG 亲和力的水平显著增加，然后在第三剂后再次增加。在大多数个体中，IgG2 和 IgG3 的水平较低。研究 IgG 亲和力和 IgG 亚类的动态对于理解针对病毒感染（包括 COVID-19）的保护机制至关重要，特别是在接种创新型 mRNA 疫苗和未来可能开发和应用 mRNA 技术的背景下。
