Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
BJOG. 2023 Aug;130(9):1135-1144. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.17508. Epub 2023 Apr 27.
To determine severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence in pregnancy in an inner-city setting and assess associations with demographic factors and vaccination timing.
Repeated cross-sectional surveillance study.
London maternity centre.
A total of 906 pregnant women attending nuchal scans, July 2020-January 2022.
Blood samples were tested for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) proteins. Self-reported vaccination status and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection were recorded. Multivariable regression models determined demographic factors associated with seroprevalence and antibody titres.
Immunoglobulin G N- and S-protein antibody titres.
Of the 960 women, 196 (20.4%) were SARS-CoV-2 seropositive from previous infection. Of these, 70 (35.7%) self-reported previous infection. Among unvaccinated women, women of black ethnic backgrounds were most likely to be SARS-CoV-2 seropositive (versus white adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.88, 95% CI 1.35-2.61, p < 0.001). Women from black and mixed ethnic backgrounds were least likely to have a history of vaccination with seropositivity to S-protein (versus white aRR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40-0.84, p = 0.004; aRR 0.56, 95% CI 0.34-0.92, p = 0.021, respectively). Double vaccinated, previously infected women had higher IgG S-protein antibody titres than unvaccinated, previously infected women (mean difference 4.76 fold-change, 95% CI 2.65-6.86, p < 0.001). Vaccination timing before versus during pregnancy did not affect IgG S-antibody titres (mean difference -0.28 fold-change, 95% CI -2.61 to 2.04, p = 0.785).
This cross-sectional study demonstrates high rates of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection with women of black ethnic backgrounds having higher infection risk and lower vaccine uptake. SARS-CoV-2 antibody titres were highest among double-vaccinated, infected women.
在城市环境中确定妊娠妇女中严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的血清流行率，并评估其与人口统计学因素和疫苗接种时间的关系。
重复横断面监测研究。
伦敦产妇中心。
2020 年 7 月至 2022 年 1 月期间，共有 906 名接受颈部扫描的孕妇。
检测血液样本中针对 SARS-CoV-2 核衣壳（N）和刺突（S）蛋白的 IgG 抗体。记录自我报告的疫苗接种状况和 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）感染情况。多变量回归模型确定了与血清流行率和抗体滴度相关的人口统计学因素。
免疫球蛋白 G N-和 S-蛋白抗体滴度。
在 960 名女性中，有 196 名（20.4%）因既往感染而 SARS-CoV-2 血清阳性。其中，有 70 名（35.7%）自我报告了既往感染。在未接种疫苗的女性中，黑人背景的女性最有可能 SARS-CoV-2 血清阳性（与白人相比，调整风险比[aRR] 1.88，95%CI 1.35-2.61，p<0.001）。黑人和混合族裔背景的女性最不可能接种 S 蛋白疫苗且血清阳性（与白人相比，aRR 0.58，95%CI 0.40-0.84，p=0.004；aRR 0.56，95%CI 0.34-0.92，p=0.021）。双重接种、既往感染的女性 IgG S 蛋白抗体滴度高于未接种、既往感染的女性（平均差异 4.76 倍，95%CI 2.65-6.86，p<0.001）。与妊娠前相比，妊娠期间接种疫苗不会影响 IgG S 抗体滴度（平均差异-0.28 倍，95%CI-2.61 至 2.04，p=0.785）。
这项横断面研究表明，无症状 SARS-CoV-2 感染率较高，其中黑人背景的女性感染风险更高，疫苗接种率更低。双重接种、感染的女性 SARS-CoV-2 抗体滴度最高。
