Ardila Pereira Laura, Meléndres Vidal Óscar
Programa de Maestría en Epidemiologia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina. Bogotá D.C. Colombia.
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Bogotá D.C. Colombia.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2023 Apr 26;97:e202304034.
The multiple effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are beginning to be seen from the alteration of vital statistics figures. This is summarized in changes in the usual causes of death and excess attributable mortality, which can finally be seen in structural changes in the populations of the countries. For this reason, this research was created with the objective of determining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal, perinatal and neonatal mortality in four locations in Bogotá D.C. (Colombia).
A retrospective longitudinal investigation was carried out in which 217,419 mortality data were analyzed in the towns of Kennedy, Fontibón, Bosa and Puente Aranda in the city of Bogotá - Colombia that occurred between the years 2018 to 2021, of which maternal (54), perinatal (1,370) and neonatal (483) deaths in order to identify a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection that could be related to the excess mortality associated with COVID-19. The data were collected from the open records of vital statistics of the National Statistics Department (DANE), where they were analyzed from frequency measures or central tendency and dispersion according to the types of variables. The specific mortality indicators related to maternal, perinatal and neonatal death events were calculated.
A decrease in perinatal and neonatal mortality was evidenced since 2020, which was associated with the progressive decrease in pregnancies in those same years; Additionally, a considerable increase in maternal deaths was observed for 2021 compared to the other years analyzed. The proportion of maternal deaths in 2020 and 2021 by 10% and 17%, respectively, were attributed to COVID-19.
It is observed that the trend of maternal mortality is related to the increase in mortality from COVID-19, maternal deaths associated with COVID-19 occurred specifically in the zonal planning units that registered more than 160 cases of COVID-19 for the year 2021.
从生命统计数据的变化中已开始显现出新冠疫情的多重影响。这体现在常见死因的变化以及额外可归因死亡率上，最终可在各国人口的结构变化中看出。因此，开展本研究的目的是确定新冠疫情对哥伦比亚首都波哥大四处地区孕产妇、围产期和新生儿死亡率的影响。
进行了一项回顾性纵向调查，分析了2018年至2021年间哥伦比亚波哥大市肯尼迪、丰蒂翁、博萨和蓬特阿兰达镇的217,419例死亡数据，其中包括孕产妇死亡（54例）、围产期死亡（1370例）和新生儿死亡（483例），以确定可能与新冠疫情相关的额外死亡率有关的新冠病毒2感染史。数据从国家统计局（DANE）的生命统计公开记录中收集，根据变量类型从频率测量或集中趋势及离散度方面进行分析。计算了与孕产妇、围产期和新生儿死亡事件相关的特定死亡率指标。
自2020年以来，围产期和新生儿死亡率有所下降，这与同年怀孕人数的逐渐减少有关；此外，与其他分析年份相比，2021年孕产妇死亡人数大幅增加。2020年和2021年分别有10%和17%的孕产妇死亡归因于新冠疫情。
观察到孕产妇死亡率趋势与新冠疫情死亡率的增加有关，与新冠疫情相关的孕产妇死亡具体发生在2021年登记有超过160例新冠病例的区域规划单位。
