Loth T S, Eversmann W W
J Hand Surg Am. 1986 May;11(3):388-96. doi: 10.1016/s0363-5023(86)80147-2.
A rat model was used to compare early surgical intervention with injectable and topical antidotes with regard to their effectiveness in preventing cutaneous ulcers that were caused by intradermal injections of vesicant chemotherapeutic agents. The (animals) rats received bilateral flank injections of doxorubicin, vincristine, actinomycin D, mitomycin C, or carmustine (BCNU) in concentrations that were comparable to concentrations used for human patients; after the injections they underwent debridement at various intervals or received immediate applications of selected antidotes. Many "antidotes" which were frequently used, were not effective in limiting the size of the ulcer and in producing rapid healing of ulcers that were caused by experimental vesicant extravasations. Early surgical debridement was the most effective method of decreasing vesicant ulcer size and facilitating rapid ulcer healing of all the interventions tested.
采用大鼠模型比较早期手术干预与注射用及外用解毒剂在预防因皮内注射发泡性化疗药物所致皮肤溃疡方面的有效性。大鼠双侧胁腹注射阿霉素、长春新碱、放线菌素D、丝裂霉素C或卡莫司汀（BCNU），其浓度与用于人类患者的浓度相当；注射后，它们在不同时间间隔接受清创，或立即应用选定的解毒剂。许多常用的“解毒剂”在限制溃疡大小以及促使因实验性发泡剂外渗所致溃疡快速愈合方面无效。早期手术清创是在所有测试干预措施中减小发泡剂溃疡大小并促进溃疡快速愈合的最有效方法。
