Department of Clinical Research, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Georgia, USA.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Georgia, USA.
Br Dent J. 2023 Apr;234(8):593-600. doi: 10.1038/s41415-023-5741-9. Epub 2023 Apr 28.
Introduction The purpose of this study was to test the short-term efficacy of four commercial mouthwashes versus water in reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral load in the oral cavity over clinically relevant time points.Methods In total, 32 subjects that were proven SARS-CoV-2-positive via polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic test were recruited and randomised into five parallel arms. Cycle threshold (Ct) values were compared in saliva samples between the groups, as well as within the groups at baseline (pre-rinse), zero hours, one hour and two hours post-rinse, using SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-PCR analysis.Results We observed a significant increase in Ct values in saliva samples collected immediately after rinsing with all the four mouthwashes - 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, 1.5% hydrogen peroxide, 1% povidone iodine, or Listerine - compared to water. A sustained increase in Ct values for up to two hours was only observed in the Listerine and chlorohexidine gluconate groups. We were not able to sufficiently power this clinical trial, so the results remain notional but encouraging and supportive of findings in other emerging mouthwash studies on COVID-19, warranting additional investigations.Conclusions Our evidence suggests that in a clinical setting, prophylactic rinses with Listerine or chlorhexidine gluconate can potentially reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral load in the oral cavity for up to two hours. While limited in statistical power due to the difficulty in obtaining this data, we advocate for pre-procedural mouthwashing, like handwashing, as an economical and safe additional precaution to help mitigate the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from a potentially infected patient to providers.
本研究旨在测试四种市售漱口水与水相比,在临床相关时间点上减少口腔中 SARS-CoV-2 病毒载量的短期疗效。
共招募了 32 名经聚合酶链反应(PCR)诊断检测证实为 SARS-CoV-2 阳性的受试者,并将其随机分为五组。使用 SARS-CoV-2 逆转录-PCR 分析,比较各组之间以及组内的唾液样本中的循环阈值(Ct)值,包括基线(预冲洗)、零小时、冲洗后 1 小时和 2 小时。
我们观察到,与水相比,在用所有四种漱口水(0.12%葡萄糖酸氯己定、1.5%过氧化氢、1%聚维酮碘或李施德林)漱口后立即采集的唾液样本中,Ct 值显著增加。仅在李施德林和葡萄糖酸氯己定组中观察到长达两小时的 Ct 值持续增加。我们未能充分为这项临床试验提供足够的效力,因此结果仍具有概念性,但支持其他关于 COVID-19 的新兴漱口水研究的发现,值得进一步研究。
我们的证据表明,在临床环境中,使用李施德林或葡萄糖酸氯己定进行预防性漱口可能在两小时内降低口腔中的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒载量。由于难以获得这些数据,我们的研究效力有限,但我们提倡像洗手一样进行术前漱口,作为一种经济且安全的额外预防措施,有助于减轻可能感染的患者向医护人员传播 SARS-CoV-2 的风险。