Development of an implantable bionic for dynamic eye closure in facial nerve paralysis: Evolution of the design.

Facial nerve paralysis (FNP) presents with a constellation of clinical problems but its most concerning consequence is corneal exposure from lack of blinking. Bionic lid implant for natural closure (BLINC) is an implantable solution for dynamic eye closure in FNP. It uses an electromagnetic actuator to mobilise the dysfunctional eyelid by means of an eyelid sling. This study highlights issues relating to device biocompatibility and describes its evolution to overcome some of these issues. The essential components of the device are the actuator, the electronics including energy storage, and an induction link for wireless power transfer. Effective arrangement of these components within the anatomical confines and their integration is achieved through a series of prototypes. The response of each prototype is tested in a synthetic or cadaveric model for eye closure with the final prototype designed for acute and chronic animal trials.