Monti Laura, Marconi Elisa, Bocci Maria Grazia, Kotzalidis Georgios Demetrios, Mazza Marianna, Galliani Carolina, Tranquilli Sara, Vento Giovanni, Conti Giorgio, Sani Gabriele, Antonelli Massimo, Chieffo Daniela Pia Rosaria
UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
UOC Anestesia, Rianimazione, Terapia Intensiva e Tossicologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e Della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
World J Psychiatry. 2023 Apr 19;13(4):191-217. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.191.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic produced changes in intensive care units (ICUs) in patient care and health organizations. The pandemic event increased patients' risk of developing psychological symptoms during and after hospitalisation. These consequences also affected those family members who could not access the hospital. In addition, the initial lack of knowledge about the virus and its management, the climate of fear and uncertainty, the increased workload and the risk of becoming infected and being contagious, had a strong impact on healthcare staff and organizations. This highlighted the importance of interventions aimed at providing psychological support to ICUs, involving patients, their relatives, and the staff; this might involve the reorganisation of the daily routine and rearrangement of ICU staff duties.
To conduct a systematic review of psychological issues in ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic involving patients, their relatives, and ICU staff.
We investigated the PubMed and the ClinicalTrials.gov databases and found 65 eligible articles, upon which we commented.
Our results point to increased perceived stress and psychological distress in staff, patients and their relatives and increased worry for being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in patients and relatives. Furthermore, promising results were obtained for some psychological programmes aiming at improving psychological measures in all ICU categories.
As the pandemic limited direct inter-individual interactions, the role of interventions using digital tools and virtual reality is becoming increasingly important. All considered, our results indicate an essential role for psychologists in ICUs.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行给重症监护病房（ICU）的患者护理和卫生组织带来了变化。这一疫情事件增加了患者在住院期间及出院后出现心理症状的风险。这些后果也影响到了那些无法进入医院的家庭成员。此外，最初对病毒及其管理缺乏了解、恐惧和不确定的氛围、工作量增加以及感染和传播的风险，对医护人员和组织产生了强烈影响。这凸显了旨在为ICU提供心理支持的干预措施的重要性，这些干预措施涉及患者、其亲属和工作人员；这可能包括日常工作的重新安排和ICU工作人员职责的重新分配。
对COVID-19大流行期间ICU中涉及患者、其亲属和ICU工作人员的心理问题进行系统综述。
我们调查了PubMed和ClinicalTrials.gov数据库，找到了65篇符合条件的文章，并对其进行了评论。
我们的结果表明，工作人员、患者及其亲属感知到的压力和心理困扰增加，患者及其亲属对感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2的担忧增加。此外，一些旨在改善所有ICU类别心理指标的心理项目取得了有前景的结果。
由于大流行限制了个体之间的直接互动，使用数字工具和虚拟现实的干预措施的作用变得越来越重要。综合考虑，我们的结果表明心理学家在ICU中起着至关重要的作用。
