Wetzel Lea, Halfmann Marie, Castioni Noah, Kiefer Falk, König Sarah, Schmieder Astrid, Koopmann Anne
Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Mannheim, Germany.
Feuerlein Centre on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Apr 13;14:1068715. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1068715. eCollection 2023.
In previous pan-/epidemics such as the SARS epidemic of 2002/2003, negative effects on the wellbeing and an increase in symptoms of depression and anxiety were observed in doctors due to social isolation and the threat they experienced. Therefore, it is feared that the COVID-19 pandemic will also have a negative impact on the mental health and quality of life of doctors.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of physicians. In particular, on the subjective anxiety and burden, depression and quality of life for the total sample and subsamples (work in COVID-19 units vs. no work in COVID-19 units).
In an online survey, 107 physicians (23-42 years) were asked about their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to socio-demographic data, pandemic- and work-related data were also included. For example, infection control measures, deployment on COVID-19 wards and the subjective perceived threat posed by the pandemic. The physicians were asked to rate their perceived anxiety and stress, retrospectively, at 7 different points in time during the pandemic. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to retrospectively assess symptoms of anxiety and depression before and after the onset of the pandemic. The quality of life of the participants after 2 years of the pandemic was assessed using the WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF).
Both subjective anxiety and burden showed wave-like patterns with higher scores in autumn, winter and spring. We observed significant differences between the seven measurement time points for anxiety [Chi(6) = 197.05, < 0.001] as well as for burden [Chi(6) = 106.33, < 0.001]. Symptoms of depression and anxiety increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic ( = 14.16, SD = 7.83) compared to the pre-pandemic time [ = 7.31, SD = 5.14, = -10.67, < 0.001]. Physicians who worked at COVID-19 units showed higher scores in quality of life related to social relationships ( = 70.39, SD = 17.69) than physicians not working at COVID-19 units [ = 61.44, SD = 24.55, = -2.145, = 0.035]. The multi-factorial ANOVA showed that previous psychiatric illness ( < 0.001), greater difference in depression scores ( = 0.014), higher anxiety scores ( = 0.048) and less work experience ( = 0.032) led to lower quality of life.
Hospitals should offer specific support, such as supervision, to prevent the development of longer-term psychiatric sequelae likely to lead to sick leave and high costs for the healthcare system.
The study has been registered at the German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS-ID: DRKS00028984).
在先前的大流行/疫情中，如2002/2003年的非典疫情，由于社会隔离以及医生所经历的威胁，观察到医生的幸福感受到负面影响，抑郁和焦虑症状增加。因此，人们担心新冠疫情也会对医生的心理健康和生活质量产生负面影响。
研究新冠疫情对医生心理健康的影响。特别是对整个样本以及子样本（在新冠病房工作与不在新冠病房工作）的主观焦虑、负担、抑郁和生活质量的影响。
在一项在线调查中，询问了107名年龄在23至42岁之间的医生在新冠疫情期间的心理健康状况。除社会人口统计学数据外，还纳入了与疫情和工作相关的数据。例如，感染控制措施、在新冠病房的工作安排以及疫情带来的主观感知威胁。要求医生回顾性地对疫情期间7个不同时间点的焦虑和压力感知进行评分。使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）回顾性评估疫情爆发前后的焦虑和抑郁症状。使用世界卫生组织生活质量量表（WHOQOL-BREF）评估疫情两年后参与者的生活质量。
主观焦虑和负担均呈现出波浪状模式，在秋季、冬季和春季得分较高。我们观察到焦虑的七个测量时间点之间存在显著差异[卡方(6)=197.05，P<0.001]，负担方面也存在显著差异[卡方(6)=106.33，P<0.001]。与疫情前相比，新冠疫情期间抑郁和焦虑症状显著增加（均值=14.16，标准差=7.83）[均值=7.31，标准差=5.14，差值=-10.67，P<0.001]。在新冠病房工作的医生在与社会关系相关的生活质量方面得分较高（均值=70.39，标准差=17.69），高于不在新冠病房工作的医生[均值=61.44，标准差=24.55，差值=-2.145，P=0.035]。多因素方差分析显示，既往精神疾病（P<0.001）、抑郁得分差异较大（P=0.014）、焦虑得分较高（P=0.048）以及工作经验较少（P=0.032）会导致生活质量较低。
医院应提供特定支持，如监督，以防止可能导致病假和医疗系统高成本的长期精神后遗症的发展。
该研究已在德国临床试验注册中心注册（DRKS编号：DRKS00028984）。
