USDA-ARS, US Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, Oklahoma, USA.
Plant Genome. 2023 Jun;16(2):e20330. doi: 10.1002/tpg2.20330. Epub 2023 May 1.
Hairy vetch, a diploid annual legume species, has a robust growth habit, high biomass yield, and winter hardy characteristics. Seed hardness is a major constraint for growing hairy vetch commercially. Hard seeded cultivars are valuable as forages, whereas soft seeded and shatter resistant cultivars have advantages for their use as a cover crop. Transcript analysis of hairy vetch was performed to understand the genetic mechanisms associated with important hairy vetch traits. RNA was extracted from leaves, flowers, immature pods, seed coats, and cotyledons of contrasting soft and hard seeded "AU Merit" plants. A range of 31.22-79.18 Gb RNA sequence data per tissue sample were generated with estimated coverage of 1040-2639×. RNA sequence assembly and mapping of the contigs against the Medicago truncatula (V4.0) genome identified 76,422 gene transcripts. A total of 24,254 transcripts were constitutively expressed in hairy vetch tissues. Key genes, such as KNOX4 (a class II KNOTTED-like homeobox KNOXII gene), qHs1 (endo-1,4-β-glucanase), GmHs1-1 (calcineurin-like metallophosphoesterase), chitinase, shatterproof 1 and 2 (SHP1, SHP2), shatter resistant 1-5 (SHAT1-5)(NAC transcription factor), PDH1 (prephenate dehydrogenase 1), and pectin methylesterases with a potential role in seed hardness and pod shattering, were further explored based on genes involved in seed hardness from other species to query the hairy vetch transcriptome data. Identification of interesting candidate genes in hairy vetch can facilitate the development of improved cultivars with desirable seed characteristics for use as a forage and as a cover crop.
硬实毛野豌豆是一种二倍体一年生豆科植物，具有生长健壮、生物量产量高、抗寒的特点。种子硬度是其商业化种植的主要限制因素。硬实种子品种作为饲料很有价值，而软实和抗裂品种则因其作为覆盖作物的用途而具有优势。对毛野豌豆进行转录组分析，以了解与毛野豌豆重要性状相关的遗传机制。从对比的软实和硬实“AU 美德”植株的叶片、花朵、未成熟豆荚、种皮和子叶中提取 RNA。每个组织样本的 RNA 序列数据范围为 31.22-79.18 Gb，估计覆盖度为 1040-2639×。RNA 序列组装和将 contigs 映射到 Medicago truncatula（V4.0）基因组上，鉴定出 76422 个基因转录本。毛野豌豆组织中共有 24254 个转录本组成性表达。关键基因，如 KNOX4（II 类 KNOTTED 样同源框 KNOXII 基因）、qHs1（内切-1,4-β-葡聚糖酶）、GmHs1-1（钙调神经磷酸酶样金属磷酸酯酶）、几丁质酶、shatterproof 1 和 2（SHP1、SHP2）、shatter resistant 1-5（SHAT1-5）（NAC 转录因子）、PDH1（预苯酸脱氢酶 1）和果胶甲酯酶，与其他物种中与种子硬度相关的基因一起，进一步探索了它们在种子硬度中的潜在作用，查询毛野豌豆转录组数据。在毛野豌豆中鉴定出有趣的候选基因，有助于开发具有理想种子特性的改良品种，用作饲料和覆盖作物。
