Tabbara K F, Ross-Degnan D
JAMA. 1986 Jun 27;255(24):3378-84.
The prevalence and etiology of visual loss and of eye diseases were determined in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The sample was a stratified geographic cluster sample of 14,577 persons representing the settled population of Saudi Arabia. A nonstatistical sample of 2,233 bedouins was also examined. The survey revealed that 1.5% of the population are blind and another 7.8% are visually impaired according to the World Health Organization definition. The most common causes of blindness include cataract, trachoma, nontrachomatous corneal scars, refractive errors, congenital anomalies, failed medical or surgical treatment, and glaucoma. Refractive errors, amblyopia, and trauma are also important causes of less severe, and often unilateral, lost vision. About 7% of all Saudi Arabians, and 42% of those older than 40 years, have a cataract or its sequelae. Over 3.5% of the population have corneal scars, about half of which are caused by trachoma.
在沙特阿拉伯王国确定了视力丧失和眼病的患病率及病因。样本是一个分层地理集群样本，由14577人组成，代表沙特阿拉伯的定居人口。还对2233名贝都因人进行了非统计抽样检查。调查显示，根据世界卫生组织的定义，1.5%的人口失明，另有7.8%的人视力受损。失明的最常见原因包括白内障、沙眼、非沙眼性角膜瘢痕、屈光不正、先天性异常、医疗或手术治疗失败以及青光眼。屈光不正、弱视和外伤也是导致视力减退（通常为单侧）程度较轻的重要原因。所有沙特阿拉伯人中有约7%，40岁以上人群中有42%患有白内障或其后遗症。超过3.5%的人口有角膜瘢痕，其中约一半由沙眼引起。
