State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China.
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.
Phytopathology. 2023 Oct;113(10):1985-1993. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-02-23-0071-R. Epub 2023 Nov 8.
is a devastating fungal pathogen of diverse plants. Sexually compatible plus and minus strains occur in the same ascus. However, the differentiation mechanism of plus and minus strains remains poorly understood. Here, we characterized a novel Cys2-His2-containing transcription factor CfCpmd1. The plus deletion mutant (Δ+) resulted in slow hyphal growth and a fluffy cotton-like colony, and the minus deletion mutant (Δ-) exhibited characters similar to the wild type (WT). Δ+ led to defective perithecial formation, whereas Δ- produced more and smaller perithecia. The normal mating line was developed by pairing cultures of Δ- and plus WT, whereas a weak line was observed between Δ+ and minus WT. Conidial production was completely abolished in both plus and minus mutants. When inoculated on non-wounded apple leaves with mycelial plugs, Δ- was nonpathogenic because of failure to develop conidia and appressoria, while Δ+ could infect apple leaves by appressoria differentiated directly from hyphal tips, even though no conidia formed. Collectively, our results demonstrate that of is an important gene related to plus and minus strain differentiation, which also affects hyphal growth, sporulation, appressorium formation, and pathogenicity.
是一种严重危害多种植物的真菌病原体。在同一个子囊中有性亲和的正、负菌株。然而，正负菌株的分化机制仍知之甚少。在这里，我们描述了一个新型的含有 Cys2-His2 的转录因子 CfCpmd1。正突变体（Δ+）导致菌丝生长缓慢，形成蓬松的棉花状菌落，而负突变体（Δ-）表现出与野生型（WT）相似的特征。Δ+导致产囊体形成缺陷，而 Δ-则产生更多更小的产囊体。通过将 Δ-和正 WT 的培养物配对，形成了正常的交配系，但在 Δ+和负 WT 之间观察到弱交配系。在正和负突变体中，分生孢子的产生完全被废除。当用菌丝塞接种在未受伤的苹果叶片上时，Δ-由于不能产生分生孢子和附着胞而无致病性，而 Δ+可以通过直接从菌丝尖端分化的附着胞感染苹果叶片，尽管没有形成分生孢子。总的来说，我们的结果表明，CfCpmd1 是与正负菌株分化相关的一个重要基因，它还影响菌丝生长、孢子形成、附着胞形成和致病性。
