Open University, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Health Psychology Group, Aberdeen University, Aberdeen, Scotland and the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2023 Apr;35(2):158-172. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2023.35.2.158.
Internalized HIV stigma is prevalent and research on internalized HIV stigma has increased during the past 10 years. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize research on internalized HIV stigma and relationships with various health-related variables in order to better inform the development of interventions aimed at reducing internalized HIV stigma. We reviewed 176 studies with a quantitative design reporting correlates that were peer-reviewed, published in English before January 2021, drawn from PubMed, PSYCHINFO, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Scopus. Synthesis showed consistent associations between internalized stigma and negative psychological (e.g., depression, anxiety), social (e.g., lack of social support, discrimination, nondisclosure, and intersecting stigmas), and health (e.g., substance use, treatment nonadherence, negative clinical HIV outcomes) variables. We argue for a more socioecological approach to internalized stigma, with greater attention for intersectional stigmas, and more longitudinal research, if we are to effectively develop interventions that reduce internalized stigma.
内化的 HIV 耻辱感普遍存在，过去 10 年来，有关内化的 HIV 耻辱感的研究有所增加。本系统评价的目的是综合内化的 HIV 耻辱感与各种与健康相关的变量之间的关系的研究，以便更好地为旨在减少内化的 HIV 耻辱感的干预措施的制定提供信息。我们回顾了 176 项具有定量设计的研究，这些研究报告了同行评审的相关性，发表于 2021 年 1 月之前的英文期刊，这些研究来自 PubMed、PSYCHINFO、Web of Science、EBSCO 和 Scopus。综合分析表明，内化的耻辱感与负面的心理（如抑郁、焦虑）、社会（如缺乏社会支持、歧视、隐瞒和交叉耻辱感）和健康（如药物使用、治疗不依从、负面的临床 HIV 结果）变量之间存在一致的关联。我们认为，如果我们要有效地制定减少内化耻辱感的干预措施，就需要采取更具社会生态学的方法来处理内化的耻辱感，更加关注交叉耻辱感，并进行更多的纵向研究。
