Arthur M. Blank Center for Stuttering Education and Research, Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, CMB 3.102, Austin, TX 78759, USA.
Arthur M. Blank Center for Stuttering Education and Research, Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, CMB 3.102, Austin, TX 78759, USA.
J Commun Disord. 2023 May-Jun;103:106333. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106333. Epub 2023 Apr 25.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the distraction reported by unfamiliar adults when listening to a speaker who stutters, and whether listener distraction is influenced by two factors: self-disclosure and communication competence.
Two hundred seventy-five adults watched a video vignette and were asked to rate their level of distraction when observing an adult Latinx male producing stuttered speech. Each participant watched one of six randomized videos of the same speaker sharing the same content systematically manipulated by (a) presence or absence of 15% stuttering, (b) presence or absence of self-disclosure, and (c) high or low communication competence.
Listener distraction was higher when rating speakers with low communication competence, regardless of whether stuttering or self-disclosure were heard. Videos wherein the speaker was fluent were rated as significantly less distracting, but only in the context of high communication competence. For videos wherein the speaker stuttered, listeners reported significantly less distraction when the speaker demonstrated high communication competence and self-disclosed.
These findings suggest that for persons who stutter, high communication competence and disclosing that they stutter will yield maximum reduction in listener distraction.
本研究旨在调查不熟悉的成年人在听口吃者说话时所报告的分心情况，以及听众的分心是否受到两个因素的影响：自我披露和沟通能力。
275 名成年人观看了一段视频短片，并被要求在观察一名拉丁裔成年男性产生口吃的言语时，对自己分心的程度进行评分。每个参与者观看了六个随机视频中的一个，这些视频中的同一个演讲者以系统的方式操纵了相同的内容，具体方式为：(a) 存在或不存在 15%的口吃；(b) 存在或不存在自我披露；以及 (c) 高或低的沟通能力。
无论是否听到口吃或自我披露，听众对沟通能力较低的演讲者的分心程度更高。当演讲者流利时，视频被评为明显不那么分散注意力，但仅在沟通能力高的情况下如此。对于演讲者口吃的视频，当演讲者表现出高沟通能力和自我披露时，听众报告的分心程度明显较低。
这些发现表明，对于口吃者来说，高沟通能力和披露自己口吃的情况将最大程度地减少听众的分心。
