Yuan Tao, Wu Ruilin, Wang Weihua, Liu Yue, Kong Wencheng, Yang Bo, He Qiaojun, Zhu Hong
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2023 Apr 17;14:1136114. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1136114. eCollection 2023.
Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent life-threatening malignant tumors with high incidence and mortality. However, the efficacy of current therapeutic regimens is very limited. Regorafenib has been approved for second- or third-line treatment of patients who are refractory to standard chemotherapy diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer, but its clinical efficacy needs to be further improved. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that statins also possess potent anticancer activities. However, whether regorafenib and statins pose synergistic anticancer effects in colorectal cancer is still unclear. Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays were applied to evaluate the anti-proliferative activity of regorafenib or/and rosuvastatin , and immunoblotting analysis were applied to detect the effects of regorafenib/rosuvastatin combined treatment on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and apoptosis-related proteins. MC38 tumors were applied to investigate the synergistic anticancer effects of regorafenib in combination with rosuvastatin . We found that regorafenib in combination with rosuvastatin exerted significant synergistic inhibition against colorectal cancer growth and . Mechanistically, regorafenib and rosuvastatin combination synergistically suppressed MAPK signaling, a crucial signaling pathway promoting cell survival, as indicated by the reduction of phosphorylated MEK/ERK. In addition, regorafenib in combination with rosuvastatin synergistically induced the apoptosis of colorectal cancer and . Our study demonstrated the synergistic anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of regorafenib/rosuvastatin combined treatment in colorectal cancer and might potentially be evaluated as a novel combination regimen for clinical treatment of colorectal cancer.
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